Background: Metabolic syndrome is pandemic; however, the cut-off values for waist circumference (WC) vary widely depending on the ethnic groups studied and the criteria applied for WC measurement. Previous studies for defining optimal WC cut-off points included high-income and urban settings, and did not cover low-income, rural settings, especially for ethnic minorities. This study aimed at def...

BACKGROUND Dark chocolate (DC) is abundant in flavanols which have been reported to increase the bioavailability and bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO). Increasing NO bioavailability has often demonstrated reduced oxygen cost and performance enhancement during submaximal exercise. METHODS Nine moderately-trained male participants volunteered to undertake baseline (BL) measurements that comprise...

Modern avionics can account for around 30% of the total cost aircraft. Therefore, it is essential to reduce operational during a lifetime. This article addresses critical scientific problem creating appropriate maintenance models digital systems that significantly increase their effectiveness. In this research, we propose lifecycle equations select best option avionics. The proposed consider pe...

A martingale estimator for the expected discounted warranty cost process of a minimally repaired coherent system under its component level observation is proposed. Its asymptotic properties are also presented using the Martingale Central Limit Theorem.

Adult gains in body weight, excess adiposity, and intra-abdominal fat have each been associated with risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), forming the basis for preventive medicine guidelines and actuarial predictions using practical indices of weight (e.g., body mass index [BMI]) and waist circumference (WC). As obesity-related disease spreads beyond affluent western countries, application...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between the degree of waist circumference (WC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese adolescents of both genders, analyzed according to quartiles of WC. METHODS Cross-sectional study that involved 247 obese adolescents aged 12-19 years. Mean values of the nutritional parameters and serum analyses were compared with the groups using the inde...

This paper presents a quantitative solution that minimizes the life cycle cost of a product by developing an optimal product validation plan. Dependability constitutes an integral view of a product’s reliability, availability, maintainability, quality, and safety. The methodology developed in this paper incorporates several dependability-related activities into a comprehensive probabilistic cos...

In this paper a redundancy allocation problem is studied where for the first time the supplier selection is taken into consideration and redundant components are provided from appropriate suppliers with the most suitable offers such as discount on buying price of components, warranty length for components, things like that, so that the system reliability, profit and the warranty length proposed...