Corrosion of steel reinforcement is a major factor in the deterioration of highway and bridge infrastructure. A survey of the condition of a reinforced concrete structure is the first step towards its rehabilitation. A rapid, cost-effective and non-destructive condition survey offers key information on the evaluation of corrosion, and aids in the quality assurance of concrete repair and rehabil...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of airway epithelial ion transport in vivo. Rabbits were anaesthetized and mechanically-ventilated through a cannula inserted above the carina. The upper tracheal mucosa was exposed, and the electrical potential difference (PD) between the mucosal surface and the submucosal space was conti...

Introduction: Application of light transmitting posts to restore greatly damaged endodontically treated teeth has been increased. It is suspected that light intensity decreases as it passes throughout different materials. This can reduce the degree of conversion required for adequate bond strength throughout the length of these posts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of li...

introduction: application of light transmitting posts to restore greatly damaged endodontically treated teeth has been increased. it is suspected that light intensity decreases as it passes throughout different materials. this can reduce the degree of conversion required for adequate bond strength throughout the length of these posts. the objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of li...

Q-switched neodymium-YAG (infrared) laser lesions at energies up to and including retinal hemorrhages were placed under visual control in the parafovea and the fovea of anesthetized monkeys. Visual-evoked potential (VEP) data were obtained by parallel analog (vector voltmeter) techniques from scalp electrodes in response to high luminance counterphasing sine wave gratings. The gratings were swe...

A paramagnetic method of carbon dioxide analysis enables the simultaneous analysis of carbon dioxide and oxygen to be made at 2-min intervals. The method depends upon observing the change of oxygen concentration in a gas mixture before and after absorbing the carbon dioxide component. The carrier-gas in the experiments reported was nitrogen. The output of the paramagnetic meter was measured bot...

I. Introduction In product development it is extremely important to know the characteristics of BJT accurately. It is possible to obtain a V-I plot by hand with an ammeter, voltmeter and an adjustable power source. But it is more convenient to display the complete curve in an automated measurement by using an instrument called curve tracer. Curve tracers are available in the market from various...

Background and aims. This study compared the galvanic corrosion of orthodontic wires and brackets from various manufacturers following exposure to a fluoride mouthwash. Materials and methods. This study was conducted on 24 lower central incisor 0.022" Roth brackets of four different commercially available brands (Dentaurum, American Orthodontics, ORJ, Shinye). These brackets along with stainles...

Educational software (apps) can improve science education by providing an interactive way of learning about complicated topics that are hard to explain with text and static illustrations. However, few educational apps are available for simulation of neural networks. Here, we describe an educational app, Neuronify, allowing the user to easily create and explore neural networks in a plug-and-play...

A typical instrument is a device that used independently. It includes its own power supply, controllable buttons, displaying front panel and inside signal processor. Within automatic testing system, the instruments act as either listener or talker. All of the testing procedures controlled by personal computer, and all of the measurements appear on PC’s screen. Therefore virtual instrument’s tec...