It is not known whether the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen are simply related to their rates of production. A technique which uses a continuous intraruminal infusion of carbon-14 labelled organic acid [14C] has been developed and permits the measurement of the rate of production of a single acid (acetic, propionic or butyric acid) at one time (Leng and Leonard 1965). ...

Meloidogyne incognita egg masses were immersed in different concentrations of six volaule fatty acids to bioassay their toxic effect on embryonic development and hatching. Exposure to a 250 ppm aqueous solution of volatile fatty, acids completely suppressed egg hatching within 48 hours. When exposed to a 125 ppm concentration hatching was reduced 75 % by acetic acid, 91% by propionic acid, 23% ...

A full understanding of the origin, formation and degradation of volatile compounds that contribute to wine aroma is required before wine style can be effectively managed. Fractionation of grapes represents a convenient and robust method to simplify the grape matrix to enhance our understanding of the grape contribution to volatile compound production during yeast fermentation. In this study, a...

Monola oil, a high oleic acid canola cultivar, and canola oil were evaluated as replacers of fish oil at three levels of inclusion (60%, 75% and 90%) in rainbow trout diets. After a 27-week grow-out cycle, the diet-induced effects on growth, fatty acid metabolism and final eating quality were assessed. Overall, no effects were noted for growth, feed utilisation or fish biometry, and the fatty a...

approved ^ x ;^ ■«= 1 «B (Mtj^or professor) The free fatty acids of Cheddar cheese are important components in the over-all flavor and aroma of the cheese. Although the more volatile fatty acids probably contribute most, there is reason to believe that the higher fatty acids may contribute, to some extent, in imparting typical flavor characteristics. Before the advent of gas-liquid chromatograp...

Treatment of O-acyl lipids with hydrazine degrades them to hydrazides of the constituent fatty acids. These hydrazides react with acetone to yield less polar and more volatile N'-isopropylidenealkanohydrazides, R-CO-NH-N = C(CH3)2, which strongly absorb ultraviolet light and are amenable to thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. In presence of cyclopentene, reduction of double bond...

Some marine algae can form volatile aldehydes such as n-hexanal, hexenals, and nonenals. In higher plants it is well established that these short-chain aldehydes are formed from C18 fatty acids via actions of lipoxygenase and fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase, however, the biosynthetic pathway in marine algae has not been fully established yet. A brown alga, Laminaria angustata, forms relatively h...

Kellner (1920)) in his calorimetric studies with cattle, showed that, as the fibre content of the ration increased, the net availability of its metabolizable energy fell. He attributed this fall to the additional physical work with consequent loss of heat in comminuting and digesting the more fibrous food. This cause may not be the sole contributor. Data in the literature, as summarized in Tabl...

Sheep fed a hay-concentrate diet were adapted to pectin administration and ruminal infusion of methanol. Both treatments resulted in a strong increase in the rate of methanogenesis from methanol. Quantitative data show that methanol was exclusively converted into methane. Treatments did not influence ruminal volatile fatty acid percentages.

As an important intermediate product, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can be generated after hydrolysis and acidification from waste activated sludge, and then can be transformed to methane during anaerobic digestion process. In order to obtain more SCFA and methane, most studies in literatures were centered on enhancing the hydrolysis of sludge anaerobic digestion which was proved as un-effici...