In this study, a new and improved electrical conductance sensor is proposed for application not only to a horizontal pipe, but also an inclined one. The conductance sensor was designed to have a dual layer, each consisting of a three-electrode set to obtain two instantaneous conductance signals in turns, so that the area-averaged void fraction and structure velocity could be measured simultaneo...

A novel gas and liquid flow rate measurement method is proposed for use in vertical upward and downward gas–liquid pipe flows. This method is based on the analysis of the time history of area-averaged void fraction that is measured using a conductivity wire-mesh sensor (WMS). WMS measurements were collected in vertical upward and downward air–water flows in a pipe with an internal diameter of 3...

Various theoretical models for fluidized bed to surface heat transfer have been considered to explain the mechanism of heat transport. The particulate fluidized bed which is the common case for liquid–solid fluidized bed is much simpler and homogeneous and transport operation can be easily modeled. The heat transfer coefficient increases to a maximum and then steadily decreases as the bed void ...

A hydraulic jump is the sudden transition from a high-velocity impinging flow into a turbulent roller in an open channel. Substantial amounts of air are entrapped at the impingement point, and significant free-surface fluctuations take place above the roller. In the present study, some physical modelling was conducted in a relatively large sized facility. The flow conditions included a wide ran...