Objectives To describe the past 20 years' correction modalities for keratoconus and their visual outcomes and possible complications. Methods A review of the published literature related to the visual outcomes and possible complications in the context of keratoconus management using nonsurgical procedures for the last 20 years (glasses and contact lenses) was performed. Original articles that...

Housing preweaned dairy calves in pairs rather than individually has been found to positively affect behavioral responses in novel social and environmental situations, but concerns have been raised that close contact among very young animals may impair their health. In previous studies, the level of social contact permitted in individual housing has been auditory, visual, or physical contact. I...

Research suggests that averting gaze from an interlocutor can improve both children's and adults' performance in a range of cognitive tasks. With the present experiments, we investigated the effect of gaze aversion on adults' visual-spatial imagination, using a methodology adapted from Kerr (1987). Participants mentally kept track of a pathway through an imaginary matrix, while either maintaini...

BACKGROUND Keratoconus is a chronic, bilateral, usuallly asymmetrical, non-inflammatory, ectatic disorder, being characterized by progressive steepening, thinning and apical scarring of the cornea. Initially, the patient is asymptomatic, but the visual acuity gradually decreases, resulting in significant vision loss due to the development of irregular astigmatism, myopia, corneal thinning and s...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety of Systane((R)) Ultra Lubricant Eye Drops (test solution) in contact lens wearers. A currently marketed contact lens rewetting drop was the control solution. PARTICIPANTS This investigator- and patient-masked, single-site, randomized, and prospective study involved 45 successful contact lens wearers. METHODS Eligible subjects' baseline biomicroscopy findings...

Dogs discriminate human direction of attention cues, such as body, gaze, head and eye orientation, in several circumstances. Eye contact particularly seems to provide information on human readiness to communicate; when there is such an ostensive cue, dogs tend to follow human communicative gestures more often. However, little is known about how such cues influence the production of communicativ...

The factor graph framework is a convenient modeling technique for robotic state estimation and sensor fusion where states are represented as nodes and measurements are modeled as factors. In designing a sensor fusion framework using factor graphs for legged robots, one often has access to visual, inertial, encoders, and contact sensors. While visualinertial odometry has been studied extensively...