More than a century ago, Stokes (1819–1903)pointed out that the attenuation of surface waves could be exploited to measure viscosity. This paper provides the link between fluid viscosity and the attenuation of surface waves by invoking the conservation of energy. First we calculate the power loss per unit area due to viscous dissipation. Next we calculate the power loss per unit area as manifes...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: c: chord; u∞ : Free Stream Velocity; ν: Kinematic Viscosity; Re: Chord Reynolds number, ( ) / u c n ∞ = ; OGE: Out of the Ground Effect; GE: Ground Effect; Cd: Sectional Drag Coefficient; Cdp: Sectional Pressure Drag Coefficient; Cl: Sectional Lift Coefficient; Cl,max: Maximum Cl; l C α :Lift-Curve Slope; Cm: Sectional Pitching Moment...

This report develops an ensemble or statistical eddy viscosity model. The model is parameterized by an ensemble of solutions of an ensemble-Leray regularization. The combined approach of ensemble time stepping and ensemble eddy viscosity modeling allows direct parametrization of the turbulent viscosity coefficient that gives an unconditionally stable algorithm. We prove that the model’s solutio...

We are concerned with multidimensional stochastic balance laws. We identify a class of nonlinear balance laws for which uniform spatial BV bounds for vanishing viscosity approximations can be achieved. Moreover, we establish temporal equicontinuity in L1 of the approximations, uniformly in the viscosity coefficient. Using these estimates, we supply a multidimensional existence theory of stochas...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: c: chord; u∞ : Free Stream Velocity; ν: Kinematic Viscosity; Re: Chord Reynolds number, ( ) / u c n ∞ = ; OGE: Out of the Ground Effect; GE: Ground Effect; Cd: Sectional Drag Coefficient; Cdp: Sectional Pressure Drag Coefficient; Cl: Sectional Lift Coefficient; Cl,max: Maximum Cl; l C α :Lift-Curve Slope; Cm: Sectional Pitching Moment...