CONTEXT Injectable implants are biodegradable, syringeable formulations that are injected as liquids, but form a gel inside the body due to a change in pH, ions or temperature. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of polymer concentration, pH, ions and temperature on the gel formation of β-glucan, a natural cell-wall polysaccharide derived from barley, with particular emphasis on two-phase sys...

Address correspondence to J. Waters. yaluronic acid (HA) has been studied extensively by many groups in the past (1–7). The physiochemical behavior of HA has been tied closely to material characteristics such as the weight-average molecular weight (Mw), molecular weight distribution (also known as polydispersity index [PDI]), intrinsic viscosity ([ ]), and molecular conformation. Past studies o...

The viscosity of iron alloy liquids is the key for core dynamo and core-mantle differentiation terrestrial bodies. Here we measured Fe-Ni-C up to 7 GPa using floating sphere viscometry method 330 first-principles calculations. We found a increase at ∼3–5 GPa, coincident with structural transition in liquids. After transition, reaches ∼14–27 mPa·s, factor 2–4 higher than that Fe Fe-S Our computa...