Abstract Purpose of review The COVID-19 pandemic poses a major global health threat. rapid spread was facilitated by air travel although rigorous bans and lockdowns were able to slow down the spread. How does compare with other emerging viral diseases past two decades? Recent findings Viral outbreaks differ in many ways, such as individuals most at risk e.g. pregnant women for Zika elderly COVI...

Computer viruses are widely recognized as a sig-niicant computer threat. The \birth rate" of new viruses is high and increasing due to global connec-tivity, and technology improvements can accelerate their spread. In response to this threat, some contemporary research eeorts are aimed at creating computer virus immune systems (CVIS). A CVIS uses the human immune system as a model for identifyin...

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most prevalent form of viral encephalitis endemic to many parts of Asia where periodic outbreaks take hundreds of lives. It is caused by the JE virus (JEV), belonging to the family Flaviviridae. Recent studies have shown that there is a potential risk of an introduction of JEV into the United States, Italy and other European countries where the threat of this d...

The segmented structure of the influenza virus genome plays a pivotal role in its adaptation to new hosts and the emergence of pandemics. Despite concerns about the pandemic threat posed by highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses, little is known about the biological properties of H5N1 viruses that may emerge following reassortment with contemporary human influenza viruses. In this study...

In the last decade, the number of emerging Flaviviruses described worldwide has increased considerably. Among them Zika virus (ZIKV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are African mosquito-borne viruses that recently emerged. Recently, ZIKV has been intensely studied due to major outbreaks associated with neonatal death and birth defects, as well as neurological symptoms. USUV pathogenesis remains largely ...

conclusions igm alone is not a marker for viral shedding in genital tract. molecular testing in conjunction of igg test should be evaluated as an option to determine hsv status, and applied for research on hsv genital infections records. methods two hundred and eight females were included in the study; igm antibodies against hsv1/2 were detected in serum samples; the real-time polymerase chain ...

UNLABELLED Several members of the Arenaviridae family cause hemorrhagic fever disease in humans and pose serious public health problems in their geographic regions of endemicity as well as a credible biodefense threat. To date, there have been no FDA-approved arenavirus vaccines, and current antiarenaviral therapy is limited to an off-label use of ribavirin that is only partially effective. Are...

BACKGROUND Mosquito-borne infectious diseases pose a severe threat to public health in many areas of the world. Current methods for pathogen detection and surveillance are usually dependent on prior knowledge of the etiologic agents involved. Hence, efficient approaches are required for screening wild mosquito populations to detect known and unknown pathogens. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS I...

waterborne epidemics of viral diseases have occurred and been reported over the years, and isolation of viruses from water of different sources has been made possible by different methods of concentration. it is now believed that bacterial parameters of water purity may not provide an adequate index as to the safety from a virological point of view. in this study eight samples from four main te...