Much is known about age-related anatomical changes in the vestibular system. Knowledge regarding how vestibular anatomical changes impact behavior for older adults continues to grow, in line with advancements in diagnostic testing. However, despite advancements in clinical diagnostics, much remains unknown about the functional impact that an aging vestibular system has on daily life activities ...

This review summarizes our current knowledge of multisensory vestibular structures and their functions in humans. Most of it derives from brain activation studies with PET and fMRI conducted over the last decade. The patterns of activations and deactivations during caloric and galvanic vestibular stimulations in healthy subjects have been compared with those in patients with acute and chronic p...

OBJECTIVE To provide a road map of the vestibular labyrinth and its innervation leading to a place principle for different forms of vertigo. METHOD The literature describing the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system was reviewed. RESULTS Different forms of vertigo may be determined by the type of sense organ, type of ganglion cell and location in the vestibular nerve. CONCLUSION...

In the nineteenth century Pierre–Jean–Marie Flourens (1825) and Ernst Mach described the vestibular system and its peripheral organs while Robert Barany, rewarded by the Nobel prize in 1914, was the first to investigate vestibular disorders with caloric tests making surgical treatments of the vestibular organ possible. Recently, Graf and Klam (2006) have reminded us that this ancient sensory sy...

This paper presents a functional architecture, system level design, and electronic evaluation of a unilateral vestibular prosthesis. The sensing unit of the prosthesis is a custom-designed one-axis micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) gyroscope. Similar to the natural semicircular canal, the MEMS gyroscope senses angular motion of the head and generates voltages proportional to the correspondi...

UNLABELLED Glucose metabolism has a significant impact on inner ear physiology, and small changes may result in hearing and balance disorders. AIM To investigate vestibulocochlear symptoms in patients with type I diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN a cross-sectional study of a contemporary group. MATERIAL AND METHOD 30 patients referred from Clinical Hospital-UFPR to the Laboratory of Otoneur...

The relative simplicity of the neural circuits that mediate vestibular reflexes is well suited for linking systems and cellular levels of analyses. Notably, a distinctive feature of the vestibular system is that neurons at the first central stage of sensory processing in the vestibular nuclei are premotor neurons; the same neurons that receive vestibular-nerve input also send direct projections...