the males of the three species of bumblebees, bombus (thoracobombus) ruderarius (müller), b. (t.) persicus radoszkowskiand b. (t.) mesomelas gerstaecker collected from vikan village, qazvin province and their male labial gland secretions were analyzed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (gc/ms) and components of their extracts were identified. the major compounds were a complex mixture of ...

Herpes Zoster is caused by the Varicella virus, characterized a unilateral vesicular rash, usually restricted to specific dermatome.

Background: Salivary glands (SGs) are usually irradiated during radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, which may lead to radiation-induced changes. These changes could be evaluated safely by ultrasonography; however, there have been few studies in this regard. Thus, we aimed to investigate the changes in post-radiotherapy submandibular glands using ultrasonography in patients undergoing head-n...

The regulatory mechanisms that control intracellular vesicular trafficking play important roles in cellular function and viability. Neurons have specific vesicular trafficking systems for synaptic vesicle formation, release and recycling. Synaptic vesicular trafficking impairments induce neuronal dysfunction and physiological and behavioral disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-dependen...

The quantal nature of synaptic transmission requires a mechanism to transport neurotransmitter into synaptic vesicles without promoting non-vesicular efflux across the plasma membrane. Indeed, the vesicular transport of most classical transmitters involves a mechanism of H(+) exchange, which restricts flux to acidic membranes such as synaptic vesicles. However, vesicular transport of the princi...

The aim of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effect of thymol as a natural product against salivary glands dysfunction induced by ionizing radiation in rats. The rats were treated with thymol at dose of 50 mg/Kg before exposure to radiation at dose 15Gy. Salivary gland function was evaluated with radioisotope scintigraphy and then salivary gland to background counts ratio was ca...

The thyroid structural changes in pregnant ewes and their fetuses were investigated. Out of 100 pairs of thyroid glands collected from ewes and their fetuses at the local municipal abattoir in Ahvaz city of Khuzestan province, multiple lesions were seen in 59% and 21% of the thyroid glands of ewes and fetuses, respectively. Histologically, ninety nine lesions in the ewes and twenty two lesions...

The sweat eccrine and apocrine glands of human skin secrete many functionally significant substances, including hydrolytic enzymes, onto its surface through the mechanisms secretion, excretion recruitment. Shown is their recreational origin as a secretory product digestive glands—pepsinogen by stomach glands, α-amylase—by pancreas. Hydrolases in epidermal barrier provide hydrolysis proteins, ca...