OBJECTIVES To determine the survival rates for infants weighing 500 - 1 499 g according to birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA). DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study. Pregnancy and delivery data were collected soon after birth and neonatal data at discharge or at death. SETTING Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBH), a public-sector referral hospital, affiliated to the Univers...

OBJECTIVE Infant mortality rates (IMR) and neonatal mortality rates (NMR) in the United States have not decreased recently. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of birth weight and gestational age subgroups to the IMR and NMR in the United States. METHODS We used the most recent (1983-2005) US linked birth and infant death data and simple regression analysis to determi...

There has been a dramatic rise in preterm births in developed countries owing to changes in clinical practices and greater use of assisted reproductive techniques. However, few studies have examined the growth and outcomes of preterm infants according to the type of feeding (with fortified breast milk or formula). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of breast milk feedings and f...

This retrospective cohort study evaluated adverse birth outcomes in infants whose birth records indicated maternal residence in villages containing dumpsites potentially hazardous to health and environment. Birth records from 1997 to 2001 identified 10,073 eligible infants born to mothers in 197 Alaska Native villages. Outcomes included low or very low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauter...

It has been known since Little's time that a high proportion of children with cerebral palsy are premature and that many are very small at birth. A study of the relation between the group of disorders included under the term cerebral palsy and very low birth weight was undertaken in the hope that it might contribute useful aetiological information. This report describes the results of a survey,...

BACKGROUND In 2009, 8.4% of live births in Hungary were low birth weight (LBW) and 8.7% were preterm (PTB). Roma are disproportionately represented in Northern Hungary where LBW and PTB are highest in the country (10.3% equally). This study evaluates the risk factors for LBW and/or PTB among the Roma and non-Roma populations in two Northern Hungarian counties. METHODS We conducted a retrospec...

BACKGROUND The association between malaria during pregnancy and low birth weight (LBW) is well described. This manuscript aims to quantify the relative contribution of malaria to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants and preterm birth (PTB) in pregnancies accurately dated by ultrasound on the Thai-Myanmar border at the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit. METHODS AND FINDINGS From 2001 to 2010 in ...

In 1977, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition first stated that the goal of nutritional management of VLBW infants should be to permit the rate of extrauterine growth and the composition of weight gain to approximate that of a normal fetus of the same postmenstrual age, if the infant had remained in utero(1). However, it has become clear that such a goal is more often not r...

OBJECTIVE To study the influence of maternal preeclampsia on the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study of 324 preterm neonates with birth weight ≤ 1500 g and gestational age ≤ 32 weeks. Multiple maternal and perinatal factors were analyzed for association and confounding by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Mean birth weight was 1128 ...