Many building structures are considered as rod systems. Bearing elements of systems under load and experience large stresses deformations. When external loads increase, these strains also increase. There may come a point where some lack strength, stiffness or stability. Such cases arise due to uneven settlement roll the structure in conjunction with errors manufacture installation structures, i...

Background: Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a common bone and mineral metabolism disorder in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to determinate the frequency of the subtypes of ROD and evaluate the diagnostic value of biochemical as the well as radiographic markers for the diagnosis of ROD among hemodialysis patients in Golestan province of Iran.  Materials and Methods...

Binocular settings of equidistance have been obtained in a two-rod test apparatus that provides realdepth cues. The magnitude of the localization error for a black vertical rod which oscillates in a given frontal plane has been studied as a function of target velocity at each of three specified photopic levels of binocular retinal illuminance. The direction of the localization error was opposit...

The application of the principles of mechanics to bulk matter is conventionally divided into the mechanics of fluids and the mechanics of solids. The entire subject is often called continuum mechanics, particularly when we adopt the useful model of matter as being continuously divisible, making no reference to its discrete structure at microscopic length scales well below those of the applicati...

This paper proposes a novel method to test the dynamic damping characteristics of valve. The testing system employs the vertical movement pattern, and has a suspension support structure. Force sensors are installed to measure the dynamic friction of the working valve directly. Making use of LuGre friction model and both adaptive genetic algorithm and chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm,...

Experiments have been conducted in 7-rod vertical bundles within circular shell. Buoyancy supports the forced flow in one and opposes it in the other. The Reynolds number range nominally covered 900 to 30000; but no distinct transition was observed. The behaviour is explained through a porous medium model. Procedures for estimating bundle-average permeability and fRe values on the basis of poro...

We compared the contribution and the effectiveness of modulating the orientation perception of two types of visual information: the visual frame and the visual polarity of objects. In experiment 1, we examined the effect of a square frame, a mouse, an elephant, and a map of France on the apparent vertical. In the upright position, despite the presence of tilted individual component features, th...

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a highly efficient method for the preparation of α/β-SiAlON ceramics. However, rapid large-scale ceramic components with reliable mechanical properties difficult via SPS due to their near-insulating properties. In this study, high-performance end mill rods large aspect ratios were successfully prepared SPS. Two different types processes (namely vertical-round-rod...