Freshwater fish represent one-fourth of all vertebrate species, despite freshwater occupying less than 1% the Earth’s surface [...]

Any substantial change in brain size requires a change in the number of neurons and their supporting elements in the brain, which in turn requires an alteration in either the rate, or the duration of neurogenesis. The schedule of neurogenesis is surprisingly stable in mammalian brains, and increases in the duration of neurogenesis have predictable outcomes: late-generated structures become disp...

apterous specifies dorsal cell fate and directs outgrowth of the wing during Drosophila wing development. Here we show that, in vertebrates, these functions appear to be performed by two separate proteins. Lmx-1 is necessary and sufficient to specify dorsal identity and Lhx2 regulates limb outgrowth. Our results suggest that Lhx2 is closer to apterous than Lmx-1, yet, in vertebrates, Lhx2 does ...

Vertebrate MitBASE is a specialized database where all the vertebrate mitochondrial DNA entries from primary databases are collected, revised and integrated with new information emerging from the literature. Variant sequences are also analyzed, aligned and linked to reference sequences. Data related to the same species and fragment can be viewed over the WWW. The database has a flexible interfa...

The evolution of vertebrates from an invertebrate chordate ancestor involved the new organs, tissues, and cell types. It was also marked by origin duplication gene families . If, how, these morphological genetic innovations are related is unresolved question in vertebrate evolution. Hyaluronan extracellular matrix (ECM) polysaccharide important for water homeostasis tissue structure. Vertebrate...

The study provided by Wiegering et al. investigates molecular mechanisms underlying ciliary entry and exit of proteins. It demonstrates that Rpgrip1l governs gating controlling the amount Cep290 at vertebrate transition zone.