BACKGROUND Fourth ventricular tumors are amongst the most common tumors in the pediatric population. Traditionally, these tumors are approached through the cerebellar vermis, but the telovelar approach is now becoming widespread. Posterior fossa syndrome/cerebellar mutism is a complication of surgery for fourth ventricular tumors whose precise cause remains elusive, but may be related to the su...

A 7-year-old boy developed mutism after surgery for cerebellar medulloblastoma. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed atrophy of the cerebellar vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres, predominantly on the right side. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with technetium-99m-ethyl cysteinate dimer (Tc-99m ECD) revealed decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the bilat...

Cerebellar histopathological abnormalities have been well documented in autism, although findings of structural differences, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging, have been less consistent. This report explores specific cerebellar vermal structures and their relation with severity of symptoms and cognitive functioning in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with A...

Recent evidence suggests that the primary source of dysfunction in dyslexia is the cerebellum. To examine the cerebellar deficit hypothesis of dyslexia, 20 children with dyslexia and 20 children without dyslexia were assessed using neuropsychological testing and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. Results demonstrated that the volumes of both hemispheres and the vermis were not statistical...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of the cerebellum and vermis is one of the integral parts of the fetal cranial anomaly screening. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to create a nomogram for fetal vermis measurements between 17 and 30 gestational weeks. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective study was conducted on 171 volunteer pregnant women between March 2013 and December 2014. Measurements of the ...

Tottering mouse is an ataxic mutant that carries a mutation in a gene encoding for the apha1A subunit of P/Q-type Ca2+ channel (Cav2.1). This study revisited to examine whether a Purkinje cell loss occurred in the cerebellum of tottering mice. In tottering mice, Calbindin D-28k negative gaps were apparent in the vermis but not in the hemisphere. Calbindin D-28k immunofluorescence with DAPI stai...

Local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose was studied utilizing 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose and positron emission tomography (PET) in 14 chronically alcohol-dependent patients and 8 normal control subjects of similar age and sex. Nine of the 14 patients (Group A) had clinical signs of alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, and the remaining 5 (Group B) did not have signs of alcoholic cerebellar ...

UNLABELLED To determine whether hemodynamic parameters are changed by upright posture in healthy middle-aged humans, absolute values of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were investigated for three different orthostatic conditions. METHODS PET with [15O]H2O and arterial blood sampling were performed on eight middle-aged healthy volunteers while they were sitting passively or standing active...

Single unit and lesion studies have implicated the oculomotor vermis of the cerebellum in the control of targeting saccades to jumping visual targets. However, saccades can be made in a variety of other target situations where they can occur with different reaction times (express or delayed saccades) in response to a remembered target location (memory-guided saccades) or between several targets...

BACKGROUND We investigated the levels of transcription factors associated with activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway in schizophrenics using postmortem brain samples. These studies were done to determine whether our previous findings of abnormal levels of the MAP kinases in the cerebellar vermis were linked to additional downstream targets of this signal transduction ...