Intra-specific variation in host-plant quality affects herbivore foraging decisions and, in turn, herbivore foraging decisions mediate plant fitness. In particular, variation in defenses against herbivores, both among and within plants, shapes herbivore behavior. If variation in defenses is genetically based, it can respond to natural selection by herbivores. We quantified intra-specific variat...

A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of scattered, pruritic papules and vesicles every summer for the last 5 years. The dermatitis appeared on exposed areas of her skin, and her father associated contact with plants at a camp with the eruption. She had a personal history of eczema, and in the past had had positive prick test reactions to commonallergens, but shewas free of rhinitis sympt...

Molothrognathus shirazicus Khanjani, Bakhshi and 2016 is founded for the first time from Turkey new report to mite fauna of Turkey. The female protonymph specimens species are collected soil litter under Pinus brutia, P. nigra, Olea europaea, Paliurus spina-christi, Pistacia terebinthus Verbascum sp., Afyonkarahisar, Manisa, ?zmir Antalya provinces, Also, stage M. described in this study. A key...

Background & Aim: Verbascum songaricum is a perennial herbaceous belongs to the Scrophulariaceae (snapdragon) family. Current study was done to study the environmental conditions effect on phytochemical properties of Verbascum songaricum leaves for extracting the effective materials. Experimental: This study was conducted at five range sites, including Hoze valley, Ghahiz, So...