In humans, an increase in internal core temperature elicits large increases in skin blood flow and sweating. The increase in skin blood flow serves to transfer heat via convection from the body core to the skin surface while sweating results in evaporative cooling of the skin. Cutaneous vasodilation and sudomotor activity are controlled by a sympathetic cholinergic active vasodilator system tha...

Hydralazine is shown to have a very complex cerebral hemodynamic effect. It raises the intracranial pressure which, together with its effect upon systemic blood pressure, reduces the cerebral perfusion pressure. In spite of this and a concomitantly induced hyperventilation by hydralazine, CBF increases with some delay. The conclusion is that hydralazine is a cerebral vasodilator acting immediat...

Nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron reduced form of nitric oxide (NO), shows a distinct chemical and biological profile from that of NO. HNO is currently being viewed as a vasodilator and positive inotropic agent that can be used as a potential treatment for heart failure. The ability of HNO to react with thiols and thiol containing proteins is largely used to explain the possible biological actio...

Vasodilator drugs are widely used in the management of cardiovascular disease. They decrease systemic vascular resistance, but they also may influence vascular arterial compliance. This study evaluated the effects of three vasodilators--nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, and hydralazine--on vascular compliance using impedance parameters determined by pulse contour and Fourier analyses. The open ches...

DR. TEERLINK: I assume we are limiting our discussion to acute decompensated HF or acute HF today. I think the utility of vasodilators and the neurohormonal antagonists in chronic HF has been well established, but it’s in the field of acute HF where we’re still learning about these agents. Initially, our research in this field was a bit stymied as many of the early researchers were involved in ...

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has natriuretic and vasodilator actions that lower arterial pressure and may be beneficial to hypertensive patients. To assess the effects of ANP on left ventricular function in patients with hypertension, we compared it with the pure vasodilator nitroprusside. Simultaneous left ventricular micromanometer pressure and radionuclide volume were obtained at baselin...

Background Inhalative administration of oxygen increases pulmonary blood flow by vasodilation. Currently, flow rate quantification using conventional two-dimensional phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) is not capable to study short-term effects due to averaging of flow information. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of oxygen supply on respiration-related flow rate variations by non-electr...

cute decompensated heart failure is among the most ommon indications for hospitalization in the U.S. and esults in approximately one million hospitalizations annully (1). Although consensus guidelines provide evidenceased strategies for the treatment of chronic heart failure, he current therapy of acute heart failure is largely empirical. he first priority of management is relief of symptoms. A...

Temporal pulse amplitude was recorded bilaterally in 56 participants before, during and after three ice-water immersions of the foot. Half of the participants were told that prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures could cause frostbite. Increases in pulse amplitude were greater in the ipsilateral than contralateral temple during and after the three foot-immersions. Although pulse amplitude ...