This paper presents a low-power hybrid thermopneumatic microvalve with an electrostatic hold and integrated valve plate position sensing. This combination of actuators in a single structure enables a high throw and force actuator with low energy consumption, a combination that is difficult to otherwise achieve. The completed 7.5 mm × 10.3 mm × 1.5 mm valve has an open flow rate of 8 sccm at 600...

We present a disposable, normally closed, non-contact dispensing valve for the sub-μL range. The miniaturized solenoid valve (diameter: 8 mm, height: 27.25 mm) is compatible to standard Luer-Lock interfaces. A highly dynamic actuation principle enables opening times down to 1 ms. The dispensing performance was evaluated for water (η = 1.03 mPas) and a 66% (w/w) glycerol/water solution (η = 16.9...

Valvetrain flexibility enables the optimization of the engine’s ability to breathe across the operating range, resulting in more efficient operation. The authors have shown the merit of improving volumetric efficiency via valvetrain flexibility to improve fuel efficiency at elevated engine speeds in the previous work. This study focuses on production viable solutions targeting similar volumetri...

This paper presents an analysis of six sets engine valves, each set consisting one exhaust valve and intake valve. Each pair valves was used in with different displacement mileage. The were subjected to microscopic analysis, hardness measurement chemical composition using a glow discharge spectrometer energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). design materials the showed that both their present form...

PDMS microfluidic devices whose whole inner surfaces are covered with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) are described. The major problems of PDMS fluidic devices in practical use, are surface degradation with organic solvents and unexpected absorption of chemical materials. In order to overcome these problems, spin/dip-coated perfluoro amorphous polymer is used to form the passivation PTFE layer o...

Engines equipped with a means to actuate air flow at the intake valve can achieve superior fuel economy performance in steady state. This paper shows how modern nonlinear design techniques can be used to control such an engine over a wide range of dynamic conditions. The problem is challenging due to the nonlinearities and delays inherent in the engine model, and the constraint on the air flow ...

Actuation schemes exist that permit the joint manage ment of air and fuel ow into the cylinders of a spark ignition engine With the exception of drive by wire systems to date the transient control aspects of these schemes collectively refered to here as secondary cylin der air ow actuators has not received any attention from the control community This paper takes a rst step in the analysis of t...

Abstract The manufacturers of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals are beginning to accept flow chemistry as a production alternative following the lead commodity chemical manufacturers, who have been producing goods in continuous format for decades. ability trace time backwards by retracting spatial length reactor is perhaps one biggest advantages flowed synthesis. However, absence an appropriat...