Geophysicists typically produce a single model, without addressing the issue of model variability. By adding random noise to the model regularization goal, multiple equiprobable models can be generated that honor some a priori estimate of the model’s second-order statistics. By adding random noise to the data, colored by the data’s covariance, equi-probable models can be generated that give an ...

The general picture of how thermal AGNs work has become clearer in recent years but major observational puzzles threaten to undermine this picture. These puzzles include AGNs with extremely asymmetric emission line profiles, inconsistent multi-wavelength variability, rapid apparent changes in the sizes of emitting regions and in the direction of gas flow, a curious insensitivity of gas in some ...

BACKGROUND The associations between visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) variability and cardiac function and carotid atherosclerosis is not clear. METHODS Study subjects were 144 subjects (80 were female, aged 73 ± 9 years) who underwent echocardiography and cervical ultrasonography. The ratio of early ventricular filling velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e'), ejection fra...

Observation of Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) provides an important and effective way to study the solar wind space weather. A series IPS observations were conducted by Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The extraordinary sensitivity wide frequency coverage make FAST ideal platform for studies. In this paper we present some first scientific results from with L-ban...

Diierential semblance velocity estimators have well-deened and smooth high frequency asymptotics. A version appropriate for analysis of CMP gathers and layered acoustic models has no secondary minima within a sublevel set of velocity prooles, independent of data frequency content, unlike other estimators such as stack power and output least squares. The sublevel set is characterized by the inte...

BACKGROUND fear of falling (FoF) has great impact on functioning and quality of life of older people, but its effects on gait and balance are largely unknown. METHODS we examined FoF in 100 participants aged >or=75 years, using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. Participants with a mean score <67% were assigned to the FoF group. We quantified gait and balance during walking at ...

Increases in movement variability have previously been observed to be a hallmark property of coordination changes between coupled oscillators that occur as movement frequency is scaled. Prior research on the walk-run transition in human locomotion has also demonstrated increases in variability around the transition region, supporting predictions of nonequilibrium phase transitions (Diedrich & W...

Understanding how dynamical and aerosol inputs affect the temporal variability of hydrometeor formation in climate models will help to explain sources of model diversity in cloud forcing, to provide robust comparisons with data, and, ultimately, to reduce the uncertainty in estimates of the aerosol indirect effect. This variability attribution can be done at various spatial and temporal resolut...