BACKGROUND Current knowledge on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury mechanisms in male football players is limited. AIM To describe ACL injury mechanisms in male professional football players using systematic video analysis. METHODS We assessed videos from 39 complete ACL tears recorded via prospective professional football injury surveillance between 2001 and 2011. Five analysts indepe...

BACKGROUND Lateral knee osteoarthritis is notably common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). While valgus bracing has been investigated as an intervention for medial knee osteoarthritis (OA), little is known about the effectiveness of varus bracing for lateral knee OA after ACLR. PURPOSE To determine the immediate effects of a varus unloader knee brace on gait biomechanics...

BACKGROUND There is limited information regarding load responses of the posterior oblique and superficial medial collateral ligaments to applied loads. HYPOTHESES The degree of knee flexion affects loads experienced by the posterior oblique ligament and both divisions of the superficial medial collateral ligament. The posterior oblique ligament provides significant resistance to valgus and in...

The incidence of fabella fractures is considered to be extremely low. This report presents two patients with femorotibial osteoarthritis and considerable preoperative valgus malalignment, who developed a fracture of the fabella (as demonstrated by radiography) after total knee arthroplasty with intraoperative correction of the valgus malalignment. Special attention should be paid to the fabella...

One of the most common modes of failure for total knee arthroplasty is aeseptic loosening of the components [2]. Aeseptic loosening failure of both the femoral and tibial components has been shown to occur if the alignment of the knee occurs outside of ± 3° from the mechanical alignment in the coronal plane [3]. Proper mechanical alignment of the knee is dependent on the correct proximal varus/...

PURPOSE Excessive knee valgus during landing tasks is a contributing factor to knee injuries. Most studies have examined lower extremity biomechanics during the forward direction of a jump-landing task. Athletes perform many movements in the air and land in multi-directions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the peak knee valgus angle (PKVA) during one leg jump-landing in vario...

INTRODUCTION A new low-dose X-ray device, called EOS, has been introduced for determining lower-limb alignment in 2D and 3D. Reliability has not yet been assessed when using EOS on lower limbs containing a knee prosthesis. Therefore purpose of this study was to determine intraobserver and interobserver reliability of EOS 2D and 3D knee prosthesis alignment measurements after revision total knee...

Flexion contracture deformities, as well as severe varus and valgus deformities of the knee joint, accompany osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In particular, severe flexion contracture deformity of the knee joint is often found in patients with RA, which renders them nonambulatory. This report describes a 26-year-old female patient diagnosed with RA 10 years ago. She had chronic join...

PURPOSE To report long-term results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for valgus knees. METHODS 34 women and 19 men aged 39 to 84 (mean, 74) years with valgus knees underwent primary TKA by a senior surgeon. Of the 78 knees, 43, 29, and 6 had type-I, type-II, and type-III valgus deformities, respectively. A preliminary lateral soft-tissue release was performed, and the tibia and femur were pre...

Few studies have focused on the possible change in the axial alignment of the lower limb after lateral meniscectomy. Here, we present a patient with valgus deformity of the knee following the partial removal of lateral discoid meniscus. With the distal femur osteotomy and fixation, this complication was treated successfully. This case suggested that we should pay more attention to the axial ali...