The organization of the motor nuclei of the glossopharyngeal, vagal, occipital, first spinal and second spinal nerves of Typhlonectes natans (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliaidae: Typhlonectinae) was studied by using horseradish peroxidase reaction staining. Each nucleus has discrete patterns of cytoarchitecture and of topography. Nuclei are elongate and some overlap anteroposteriorly. The brain...

The coeliac plexus is located on the sides of the coeliac trunk and nearby the origins of the superior mesenteric and renal arteries. Afferent branches get to this plexus from the vagus nerve, splanchnic nerves and the right phrenic nerve; efferents leave for viscera through periarterial plexuses and the retroportal nerves. The coeliac plexus ganglia - coeliac, superior mesenteric, aorticorenal...

Neurolymphomatosis is a rare manifestation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by infiltration of peripheral nerves, nerve roots, plexus and cranial nerves by malignant lymphocytes. This report presents positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)imaging with 2-deoxy-2-(18)F-fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) in 3 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with nerve infiltration, including one new...

Context: The human lesser petrosal nerve (LPN) is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), with contributions from the facial (VII) and vagus (X) nerves. Its formation and course are highly variable and complicated. The purpose of this article was to review the literature regarding the clinical anatomy of the LPN. Evidence Acquisition: The existing literature regarding this nerve was critic...

Our present knowledge of the nervous regulation of the human heart is dependent upon two sources of information. One is the direct observation of the effect of stimulation of the nerves in experimental animals with the assumption that the nerves act similarly in man; the second is from clinical observation. A method has been devised by which the direct effect of stimulation of the vagus and sym...

Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs in individuals with a spinal cord injury at level T6 or above. Patients usually present with elevated blood pressure and bradycardia. Noxious stimuli to intact sensory nerves below the injury lead to relatively unopposed sympathetic outflow and dangerous blood pressure elevations. Parasympathetic outflow through ...