The reflex mechanisms that produce the neurocirculatory adjustments to hemorrhagic hypotension are incompletely understood. The goal of this study was to determine if hemorrhagic hypotension in rats produces differential effects on sympathetic outflow to the adrenal gland and kidney and if the two sympathetic nerve responses are governed by different reflex mechanisms. We performed simultaneous...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on insulin sensitivity, secretion, and degradation in metabolic programmed mice, induced by a low-protein diet early in life, followed by exposure to a high-fat diet in adulthood. Weaned 30-day-old C57Bl/6 mice were submitted to a low-protein diet (6% protein). After 4 weeks, the mice were distributed into three gr...

Regional haemodynamic control by the cardiovascular baroreceptors was examined in dogs anaesthetized with 1 + MAC halothane in oxygen (1%). The open-loop relationships between carotid sinus pressure (CSP) and regional haemodynamics in the iliac, renal, mesenteric, aortic and coeliac beds were examined before vagotomy, following vagotomy and following thoracotomy. Around the carotid sinus reflex...

Gastric tissue histamine concentration was determined 14 days after mock subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, mock bilateral adrenalectomy and bilateral adrenalectomy in four different groups of animals and the results were compared with those of control rats. The results show that neither of the experimental situations of mock subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, subdiaphragmatic vagoto...

The presence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) 11 years after selective proximal vagotomy (SPV), selective proximal vagotomy with pyloroplasty (SPV + PP) and selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty (SV + PP) was investigated in 38 consecutive patients. IM was significantly more frequent in SPV than in SV + PP, SPV + PP or in unoperated controls of matching ages. IM occurred more frequently both at an ...

Seventy-three unselected patients with perforated duodenal ulcer were treated by vagotomy and pyloroplasty in a six-year period. Postoperative complications were commoner when the operation was carried out after more than six hours after perforation. The follow-up results were similar to those for elective vagotomy and pyloroplasty carried out in the hospital during the past nine years.

Vagotomy reduces gastric acid secretion and was therefore introduced as a surgical treatment for peptic ulcers in the 1970s. Later, it was replaced by acid reducing medication, such as histamine type 2 (H2) receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). A large body of evidence has indicated that drug-induced hypochlorhydria per se does not increase the risk of gastric cancer. Early st...

The recently reported vagal nerve stain leucomethylene blue was assessed in 20 patients as an intraoperative aid to attaining complete vagotomy. Of 101 stained specimens removed at surgery, only 30 (30%) contained nerve tissue. Four of 17 postoperative insulin tests were positive by Hollander's criteria. The dye technique was found to be an unreliable method of ensuring complete vagotomy at the...