BACKGROUND Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is characterized by vaginal/vulvar dryness, irritation, dyspareunia, or dysuria. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a very low-dose estradiol vaginal cream (0.003%) applied twice per week in postmenopausal women with VVA-related vaginal dryness. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-con...

Abstract Introduction Vaginal estrogen therapy (VET) use and efficacy is well established for genitourinary symptoms commonly seen in menopause. Despite the similar symptom profile dramatic hormonal shifts postpartum (PP) patients, they are not routinely offered same therapies. The pathophysiology of these PP multifactorial frequently dismissed as “normal,” even with subsequent negative effect ...

Testosterone defi ciency occurs during menopause and may be associated with the appearance of a variety of symptoms in addition to its negative effect on sexuality. In the present study, testosterone was administered in the vulval/vaginal region at a dose of 3 mg/ml dissolved in a Pentravan® emulsion (Fagron, the Netherlands) to patients with symptoms of androgen defi ciency and testosterone le...

INTRODUCTION With the population of cancer survivors nearing 12 million, an ever-increasing number of women will face vaginal health issues related to their disease and/or treatment. Abrupt menopause triggered by cancer treatment, for example, can cause intense and prolonged estrogen deprivation symptoms, including vaginal dryness and discomfort. Simple strategies to promote vaginal health are ...

OBJECTIVE Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is characterized by vaginal changes, dyspareunia, and itching/irritation. Efficacy and safety of a lower-dose estradiol vaginal cream (0.003%) were evaluated in postmenopausal women with VVA-related dyspareunia. METHODS This was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Sexually active postmenopausal women with moderate-severe dyspareu...

OBJECTIVE To determine if there is evidence of levator ani atrophy in primiparous women. METHODS This was a prospective observational cohort study of 202 primiparous women recruited between November 2006 and March 2008. Translabial ultrasound volumes were obtained at 36-38 weeks' gestation and at a mean of 4.5 months postpartum. Peripartum changes in bladder neck elevation and reduction of an...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of vaginal fractional CO2 laser treatment in the relief of Overactive Bladder (OAB) symptoms in post-menopausal women. PATIENTS AND METHODS Post-menopausal women who complained of one or more symptoms related to vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA), who experienced symptoms of OAB and who underwent vaginal treatment with fractional CO2 laser were enrolled in the study. A...