Aim: The role of vitamin D has been studied in growth and reproduction, carcinomas, psoriasis etc. Even in preeclampsia aberration in calcium homeostasis was found to be associated with decreased calcitriol levels. In present study, we investigated the role of vitamin D supplementation in regulation of calcium homeostasis and prevention of preeclampsia. Methods: The study comprised of 200 primi...

Calcium oxalate is the most common constituent of kidney stones. Increases in urinary oxalate increase risk of calcium oxalate supersaturation more than increases in urinary calcium, as the physiological level of oxalate is about one-fifth to one-tenth that of urinary calcium. Urinary oxalate derives from two sources: endogenous synthesis and diet. Endogenous synthesis is proportional to lean b...

Among women with adequate calcium intakes, finther increases in dietary or supplemental calcium do not alter the homeostatic response in calcium metabolism during pregnancy. Less is known about women consuming low calcium intakes and the influence of parity on calcium metabolism among women with low intakes. In this study we compared bone and renal indices of calcium homeostasis and response to...

Urinary glycoproteins are important inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystallization and adhesion of crystals to renal cells, both of which are key mechanisms in kidney stone formation. This has been attributed to glycosylation of the proteins. In South Africa, the black population rarely form stones (incidence < 1%) compared with the white population (incidence 12-15%). A previous study involving...

Chemical kinetic data, complemented with scanning electron-microscope observations of the crystalline phase, show that seed crystals of hydroxyapatite have the ability to induce the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals epitaxially from a metastable supersaturated solution of calcium oxalate. The rate of growth of calcium oxalate crystals is dependent on the surface area of the seed ma...

The metabolism of calcium was studied in a man after complete removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. A slight retention of calcium (0.4578 of a gram of calcium oxide in the ten-day period) was noted. The urinary calcium excretion was low, averaging 0.0134 of a gram per day on a daily ingestion averaging 1.6736 grams of calcium oxide. A slight increase was observed during the period of s...

PURPOSE To evaluate food intake of patients with urinary lithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). MATERIALS AND METHODS Between August 2007 and June 2008, 105 patients with lithiasis were distributed into 2 groups: Group 1 (n = 55)--patients with IH (urinary calcium excretion > 250 mg in women and 300 mg in men with normal serum calcium); Group 2 (n = 50)--normocalciuria (NC) patients. I...

To clarify whether the urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium and molybdenum can be used as an index of their intake, the association between urinary excretion and intake in free-living individuals was examined. A total of 102 healthy free-living female university dietetics students aged 18 33 years voluntarily participated in this study, of...

PURPOSE This study aimed to accurately analyze the relationship between calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation and the components of urinary nanocrystallites. METHOD High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction, fast Fourier transformation of HRTEM, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were performed to analyze the components of these nanocr...