The spatial and temporal variations of finfish bycatch assemblage cutlassfish trawl were compared in two fishing areas (Hormozgan and Bushehr). Data were collected on board of commercial vessels in the fishing grounds of Trichiurus lepturus in Bushehr and Hormozgan marine waters between early May 2010 to late November, 2010. There was a significant difference in the bycatch assemblages bet...

Abstract Developing floral-based replacement molecules might manage blood-sucking vectors in an eco-friendly way. Atalantia monophylla ( Am ) aqueous leaf extract (ALE) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evaluated against mosquitoes Aedes vittatus, Anopheles subpictus , Culex vishnui ticks Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Rhipicephalus microplus R. sanguineus at different concentrations. Phytochemic...

Quantifying population connectivity is important for visualizing the spatial and temporal scales that conservation measures act upon. Traditionally, migration based on genetic data has been reported in migrants per generation. However, the temporal scales over which this migration may occur do not necessarily accommodate the scales over which human perturbations occur, leaving the potential for...

Boldness is the propensity of an animal to engage in risky behavior. Many variations of novel-object or novel-environment tests have been used to quantify the boldness of animals, although the relationship between test outcomes has rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the relationship of outcomes to any ecological aspect of fitness is generally assumed, rather than measured directly. Our stud...

Spiders are classified as Anthrophoda, Arachnida, and Araneae. into two types based on their life patterns: web-making hunting, commonly known trapdoor spiders. This study aimed to assess the diversity of spider distribution (Ordo Araneae) near Mount Galunggung. is quantitative. The VES (Visual Encounter Survey) method was utilized collect data. 1) Gadobangkong waterfall, 2) Panoongan 3) Cimeda...