The structure of teeth in all living beings is genetically predetermined, although it can change under external physiological and pathological factors. The author's hypothesis was to indicate evolutional shifts resulting from genetic, functional and other differences. A comparative study about certain characteristics of incisors in humans and myomorpha, the fat dormouse (Glis glis) being their ...

The ~1.6 Ga Tirohan Dolomite of the Lower Vindhyan in central India contains phosphatized stromatolitic microbialites. We report from there uniquely well-preserved fossils interpreted as probable crown-group rhodophytes (red algae). The filamentous form Rafatazmia chitrakootensis n. gen, n. sp. has uniserial rows of large cells and grows through diffusely distributed septation. Each cell has a ...

We show that every primary lattice can be considered a glueing of intervals having geometric dimension at least 3 and with a skeleton of breadth at most 2. We call this geometric decomposition. In the Arguesian case, we analyse the sub-glueings corresponding to cover preserving sublattices of the skeleton which are 2-element chains or a direct product of 2 such. We show that these admit a cover...

If R is a commutative ring, then we prove that every finitely generated R-module has a pure-composition series with indecomposable cyclic factors and any two such series are isomorphic if and only if R is a Bézout ring and a CF-ring. When R is a such ring, the length of a pure-composition series of a finitely generated R-module M is compared with its Goldie dimension and we prove that these num...

It is proved that localizations of injective R-modules of finite Goldie dimension are injective if R is an arithmetical ring satisfying the following condition: for every maximal ideal P , RP is either coherent or not semicoherent. If, in addition, each finitely generated R-module has finite Goldie dimension, then localizations of finitely injective R-modules are finitely injective too. Moreove...

The early Eocene greenhouse world was marked by multiple transient hyperthermal events. The most extreme was the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~56 Ma), linked to the extinction of the globally recognised deep-sea benthic foraminiferal Velasco fauna, which led to the development of early Eocene assemblages. This turnover has been studied at high resolution, but faunal development into ...

For a ring R, denote by SpecΓ(κ,R) the κ-spectrum of the Γ-invariant of strongly uniform right R-modules. Recent realization techniques of Goodearl and Wehrung show that SpecΓ(א1 , R) is full for a suitable von Neumann regular algebra R, but the techniques do not extend to cardinals κ > א1. By a direct construction, we prove that for any field F and any regular uncountable cardinal κ there is a...

Let A be an associative algebra over a field K such that the dimension, [A:P], of A over K is finite. Following the terminology of [8], we shall say that A is of bounded module type if there exists an integer re such that for every indecomposable left A-module M, the inequality [M: K] zí re holds. The algebra A is of finite module type if A has only a finite number of nonisomorphic indecomposab...