AIM To report the usefulness of uncorrected distance visual acuity (DVA) at 16 years to "screen" for myopia status and to assess the lifetime risk of myopia, based on a national birth cohort. METHODS 1867 members of the 1958 British birth cohort for whom there were data on acuity at 16 years had autorefraction, as part of a biomedical survey, at 45 years. Reduced uncorrected DVA at age 16 yea...

Purpose. To evaluate outcomes in astigmatic patients implanted with the Trulign (Bausch + Lomb) toric presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL) during cataract surgery in a clinical practice setting. Methods. Retrospective study in 40 eyes (31 patients) that underwent cataract extraction and IOL implantation in a procedure using intraoperative wavefront aberrometry guidance (ORA system). End...

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm in restoring the CT image quality while correcting the tissue density information for the accurate estimation of the absorbed dose. A phantom filled with titanium (low-Z metal) and Cerrobend (high-Z metal) inserts was used for this purpose. The MAR algorithm was applied to phantom's CT dataset. Static in...

In theory no doubt any existing refractive error should be found and treated, so that the individual may enjoy the most perfect optical conditions possible. But it must always be borne in mind that the eyes are only part of the living organism, dependent on the whole, deriving from it and adding to it. This may modify the position. A comfortable and efficient ocular mechanism depends on much mo...

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of + 4 0 D to 4 0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22.3-26-0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0 5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0.407) and for the cornea (0-487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coe...

This paper presents a comparative study of spelling errors that are corrected as you type, vs. those that remain uncorrected. First, we generate naturally occurring online error correction data by logging users’ keystrokes, and by automatically deriving preand postcorrection strings from them. We then perform an analysis of this data against the errors that remain in the final text as well as a...