Sea urchins are dominant members of rocky temperate reefs around the world. They often occur in cavities within the rock, and fit so tightly, it is natural to assume they sculpted these "pits." However, there are no experimental data demonstrating they bore pits. If they do, what are the rates and consequences of bioerosion to nearshore systems? We sampled purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus...

The lower to middle Miocene Chenar granitoid stock, a part of Central Iranian volcanic belt, is intruded into Eocene volcano-sedimentary complex in northwestern Kerman in south Central Iran. The Chenar granitoid stock consists mainly of coarse to medium grain granodiorite and monzogranite with subordinate tonalite and syenogranite. Alkali granites as aplitic veins and quartz dioritic dykes freq...

This work presents data obtained as a result of studying the composition cyanobacteria in lithobiotic communities on various substrates (Ruskeala marble, rapakivi-granite, granite gneiss) different light conditions territory Karelian Isthmus: Leningrad Oblast, Republic Karelia, and South Finland. The species was revealed, certain types analyzed. A total 49 were noted for Karelia (13 which not p...

Concrete is the most undisputable and indispensable material being used in infrastructure development throughout the world. The objective of this paper is to utilize marble, granite and Spent Fire Brick waste of different sizes in the manufacturing of concrete bricks, with partial replacement of conventional coarse and fine aggregates with Marble, Granite and Spent Fire Brick waste content up t...

Synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione derivatives from aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives and urea or thiourea using granite and quartz as new, natural and reusable catalysts. Some of the 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione derivatives were used to prepare new heterocyclic compounds. The antimicrobial activity of selected examples of the synthesized ...

Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy probes the optical properties of naturally occurring solid aggregates of minerals, or stones, in the THz frequency range. Refractive index and extinction coefficient measurement reveals that most natural stones, including mudstone, sandstone, granite, tuff, gneiss, diorite, slate, marble, and dolomite, are fairly transparent for THz frequency waves. Dolo...