The direct interaction of the Escherichia coli cytotoxin RelE with its specific antidote, RelB, was demonstrated in two ways: (i) copurification of the two proteins and (ii) a positive yeast two-hybrid assay involving the relB and relE genes. In addition, the purified RelE protein exhibited ribosome-binding activity in an in vitro assay, supporting previous observations suggesting that it is an...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important model organisms and has been a valuable asset to human civilization. However, despite its extensive use in the last 9,000 y, the existence of a seasonal cycle outside human-made environments has not yet been described. We demonstrate the role of social wasps as vector and natural reservoir of S. cerevisiae during all seasons. We provide expe...

Recent studies suggest that antifungal resistance in yeast isolates of veterinary origin may be an underdiagnosed threat. We tested a collection of 92 ascomycetous yeast isolates that were obtained in Spain from birds, mammals and insects for antifungal susceptibility. MICs to amphotericin B and azoles were low, and no resistant isolates were detected. Despite these results, and given the poten...

From a continuous spent sulfite liquor fermentation plant, two species of yeast were isolated, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia membranaefaciens. One of the isolates of S. cerevisiae, no. 3, was heavily flocculating and produced a higher ethanol yield from spent sulfite liquor than did commercial baker's yeast. The greatest difference between isolate 3 and baker's yeast was that of galactose...

Guidry, D. J. (Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans) and Findlay Maier. Rapid quantitative method for measuring the sensitivity of Blastomyces dermatitidis to fungistatic agents. J. Bacteriol. 85:504-508. 1963.-Isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis (yeast phase) were grown in continuous shake liquid culture. When sufficient cells were added to impart an initial optical dens...

backgrounds: to obtain information about clinical isolates of aspergillus flavus group. methods: we examined 55 isolates [45 clinical, 10 reference (6 from culture collections, 4 local reference)] for toxicology, growth rates, and morphological and physiological characteristics. modified czapek agar (cz) and malt extract agar (mea) were used for observing microscopic morphology and measuring fu...

In vivo transcription-based assays for protein-protein interactions such as the two-hybrid system are powerful methods for identifying novel proteins based on their physical association with known proteins of biological interest, or for characterizing the degree and nature of interactions between sets of proteins. Because of the complexity inherent in assays taking place within a living organis...

Polarization independent beam fanning using a multi-domain liquid crystal (LC) cell is demonstrated experimentally. In the neighboring domains, the LC directors are aligned in orthogonal directions. To prove concepts, two hybrid-aligned LC cells with four and six domains were fabricated. Applying a voltage across the LC layer will change the phase difference between the neighboring domains. Whe...

BACKGROUND Different yeast species have different susceptibilities to commonly prescribed antifungal drugs. Thus, it is important to accurately determine the species of pathogenic yeasts, especially when more than one species are in a specimen. METHODS Clinically significant yeast isolates were collected via the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance of Yeasts from July to September ...