Profilometry by fringe projection is an optical metrology technique implemented projecting a sinusoidal grating onto a three-dimensional surface, where the resulting deformed grating image represents the object’s height distribution modulated in phase. Fringe projection can be implemented as a phase shifting process or as a one-frame method. In this work, both approaches are compared using a co...

Low-temperature adaptation and cryoprotection were studied in the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis MG1363. An approximately 100-fold increased survival after freezing was observed when cells were shocked to 10 degrees C for 4 h compared to mid-exponential-phase cells grown at 30 degrees C, indicating an active protection against freezing. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis a grou...

the formation of ice on a cold surface and its shape, play an important role in some of the various problems. the position of solid surface of ice accretion, its growth shape and the effect of liquid phase on it, are important parameters in the various applications. difficulty of analytic techniques and expensive of experimental methods encourage the numerical modeling procedures in the investi...

A method for Monte Carlo studies of phase equilibrium in confined systems is presented using an example of vapor-liquid equilibrium (capillary condensation and evaporation) in cylindrical pores. The method, named the gauge cell method, allows one to construct the full phase diagram of a confined fluid in the form of a van der Waals loop, which includes stable, metastable, and unstable equilibri...

PACS. 64.10.+h – General theory of equations of state and phase equilibria. Abstract. – A density functional theory of two-dimensional freezing is presented for a soft interaction potential that scales as inverse cube of particle distance. This repulsive potential between parallel, induced dipoles is realized for paramagnetic colloids on an interface, which are additionally exposed to an extern...

Backgroud: Oocyte cryopreservation is critical in assisted reproduction techniques. However, the effect of cryopreservation on the oocyte has not been widely explored yet. Currently a thorough understanding of oocyte cryobiology is urgently required due to its far lag behind the forces propelling the clinical application of oocyte cryopreservation. Methods: In this study, we used two different ...