[i] Most measurement approaches for determining evaporation assume that the latent heat flux originates from the soil surface. Here, a new method is described for determining in situ soil water evaporation dynamics from fine-scale measurements of soil temperature and thermal properties with heat pulse sensors. A sensible heat balance is computed using soil heat flux density at two depths and ch...

Pot-based phenotyping of drought response sometimes maintains suboptimal soil water content by applying high-frequency deficit irrigation (HFDI). We examined the effect of this treatment on water and abscisic acid (ABA) relations of two species (Helianthus annuus and Populus nigra). Suboptimal soil water content was maintained by frequent irrigation, and compared with the effects of withholding...

Aim: Soil water is essential for the physiological processes of plant growth and fitness. Owing to the difficulty of assessing wide variations in soil water reserves, plant distribution models usually estimate available water for plants through such climatic proxies as precipitation data (P) or climatic water balance (P minus potential evapotranspiration). We evaluated the ability of simple cli...

in this study, the performance of aquacrop model to predict yield production of winter wheat (roshan and gods varieties), water and solute balance of soil profile was evaluated under water and salinity stresses. field experiments were conducted with three levels of saline irrigation water including: s1, s2 and s3corresponding to 1.4, 4.5 and 9.6 ds/m, respectively, and four levels of irrigation...

introduction: nitrogen (n) is one of the most important growth-limiting nutrients for dryland wheat. mineral nitrogen or ammonium (nh4+) and nitrate (no3−) are two common forms of inorganic nitrogen that can serve as limiting factors for plant growth. nitrogen fertilization in dryland area can increase the use of soil moisture, and improve wheat yields to some extent. many researchers have been...

The knowledge of soil water content (SWC) dynamics in the upper soil layer is important for several hydrological processes. Due to the difficulty of assessing the spatial and temporal SWC dynamics in the field, some model-based approaches have been proposed during the last decade. The main objective of this work was to assess the performance of two approaches to estimate SWC in the upper soil l...

Using a stochastic differential equation (SDE) approach, we examine the dynamics of the continental-scale water balance in the central United States. Whitenoise and colored-noise versions of the model are developed based on analysis of atmospheric data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis project and long-term records of precipitation and soil moisture. Improv...

The presence of hydrated phases in the soil and near-surface bedrock of Gale Crater is thought to be direct evidence for water-rock interaction in the crater in the ancient past. Layered sediments over the Gale Crater floor are thought to have formed in past epochs due to sediment transport, accumulation, and cementation through interaction with fluids, and the observed strata of water-bearing ...