UNLABELLED We report a new microcirculatory assessment device, the Braedius Cytocam, an Incident Dark Field (IDF) video microscope, and compare it with a precursor device utilising side stream dark field (SDF) imaging. METHODS Time matched measurements were made with both devices from the sublingual microcirculation of pigs subjected to traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock at baseline and d...

BACKGROUND Calcium-insensitive transient outward current (I(to)) is important to the development of cardiac memory (CM), which itself reflects the capacity of the heart to remodel electrophysiologically. We used cardiac pacing to test the hypothesis that CM evolution can be explained by developmental maturation of I(to). METHODS AND RESULTS Acutely anesthetized dogs from 1 day old to adult we...

Abstract. We prove a BV estimate for scalar conservation laws that generalizes the classical Total Variation Diminishing property. In fact, for any smooth function Φ, we have that Φ(u) is TVD with the correct definition of the initial seminorm. We call this property Total Oscillation Diminishing. The reason being that it is in contradiction with the oscillations observed recently on some numeri...

We consider finite volume methods for the numerical solution of conservation laws. In order to achieve high-order accurate numerical approximation to non-linear smooth functions, we introduce a new class of limiter functions for the spatial reconstruction of hyperbolic equations. We therefore employ and generalize the idea of double-logarithmic reconstruction of Artebrant and Schroll [R. Artebr...

BACKGROUND There is limited evidence on the efficacy of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for sexual exposures. We sought to determine the factors associated with adherence to treatment and describe the incidence of PEP failures in a Montreal clinic. METHODS We prospectively assessed all patients consulting for PEP following sexual exposures from October 2000 to July 2014. Patients were followe...

Much attention has been paid in the literature to total-variation-diminishing (TVD) numerical processes in the solution of nonlinear hyperbolic differential equations. For special Runge– Kutta methods, conditions on the stepsize were derived that are sufficient for the TVD property; see, e.g., Shu and Osher [J. Comput. Phys., 77 (1988), pp. 439–471] and Gottlieb and Shu [Math. Comp., 67 (1998),...

INTRODUCTION In high-income countries, ≥30% of HIV-infected patients are ≥50 years (yrs) old (UNAIDS 2013). In two phases, three clinical trials (Studies 102 and 103) elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (E/C/F/TDF; STB) had non-inferior efficacy and favourable safety vs efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (EFV/FTC/TDF; ATR) or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV+RTV)+FTC/TDF (TVD)...

BACKGROUND Inappropriate inflammation is a key mechanism in the development of atherosclerosis. Antibodies against components of the atherosclerotic lesion, in particular, oxidised low density lipoprotein, have been described. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a systemic autoimmune response, characterised by the presence of high titres of antinuclear antibodies, is associated with the presence o...

Follicular lymphoma patients display heterogeneous overall survival and variable risk of transformation. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the microenvironment. The contribution of microvessel density to follicular lymphoma survival remains controversial. We used a quantitative tumor mapping approach to determine whether the degree of vascularization correlated with outcome in a unifo...