Bone tunnel enlargement is a common phenomenon following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Biomechanical and biological factors have been reported as potential causes of this problem. However, there is no analysis of forces between the graft and bone, as the graft changes direction at the bone tunnel entrance. The purpose of this study was to study these 'redirecting force...

A trisonic wind tunnel has been modified to improve its flow quality when operating at transonic speeds through perforated walls and side suctions. The usefulness of such a perforated wall, already known, is reduction of the blockage effect as well as the shock elimination. Two types of perforated walls have been used in this investigation. The first wall had a porosity of about 22% and the hol...

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect on knee kinematics by 2 different techniques of posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction. METHODS Five intact formalin-preserved cadaveric knees were used in this study. A navigation system was used to measure knee kinematics (posterior translation, varus angulation, and external rotation) after application of a constant force and to...

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies have shown that fixation of a hamstring graft with a titanium button and polyester tape (EndoButton fixation) in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can result in relative motion of the graft within the bone tunnel (graft-tunnel motion) under cyclic tensile loading (1). Therefore, an aggressive post-operative rehabilitation may lead to significant graft-...

The similar material plays an important role in Geo-mechanical model test, and the proportion influences the test results directly. According to the physical and mechanical properties of the prototype, the cementitious material with good elastic-plastic for iron crystal sand (ISBM) was chosen as the similar material for the research on failure mechanism of surrounding rock under the environment...

Utilizing the EMR-8B eye-tracker system, the pupil changes of eight drivers were monitored when they drove through 26 typical highway tunnels. Based on the test results, the driver’s pupil areas and pupil illuminance were found to be in a power function relationship at tunnel entrances. Furthermore, a quantitative relationship between the pupil area and its critical velocity was established, an...

This paper reports on the design, construction, Instrumentation and preliminary testing performed on the high-lift wing of the MARVELETTE aircraft in a two-dimensional wind tunnel. The wind tunnel,12 feet high and 2 feet 9 inches wide,was fitted over a section of the aircraft wing to the shrouded propeller at the rear of the vehicle. When operating with this arrangement, wind tunnel velocities ...

A model of a streamline bomb with fixed cruciform fins has been tested in the R.A.E. 8 ft x 6 ft tunnel, to examine possible reasons for the discrepancy between the rolling moments derived from free flight tests and results obtained from previous wind tunnel tests. A range of Reynolds numbers was covered corresponding to the previous tunnel test and free flight values. The effect on rolling mom...

A wind tunnel bioassay system to screen mosquito repellents is described. A wind tunnel is utilized to exploit the upwind flight response of host-seeking mosquitoes. Mosquitoes within the wind tunnel are activated with human breath, fly upwind, and land on heated chick skins. This behavioral sequence results in a consistently high percentage of the test population approaching repellent or contr...