A pilot scale membrane bioreactor hybrid system (MBR-HS) was evaluated for municipal wastewater treatment. This novel system comprised of a granular activated carbon-sponge fluidized bed bioreactor (GACS-FBBR) followed by a submerge membrane bioreactor (MBR) with the capacity of 2 L/min. The results indicated that the MBR-HS could effectively remove 90% DOC and 95% NH₄-N. PO₄-P removal efficien...

Transient and continuous recombinant protein expression by HEK cells was evaluated in a perfused monolithic bioreactor. Highly porous synthetic cryogel scaffolds (10 ml bed volume) were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and tested as cell substrates. Efficient seeding was achieved (94% inoculum retained, with 91-95% viability). Metabolite monitoring indicated continuous cell growth,...

When Does the Bag of Waters Usually Break? Usually the bag of waters breaks just before you go into labor or during the early part of labor. It happens often when you are in bed sleeping. You may wake up and think you have wet the bed. Sometimes women feel or even hear a small “pop” when the bag breaks. Sometimes there is a gush of fluid from the vagina that makes your underwear wet; or maybe j...

A model is developed based on a two-stage hydrogenation of pyrolysis gasoline to obtain a C6-C8 cut suitable for extraction of aromatics. The first stage hydrogenation takes place in a trickle bed reactor while the second stage hydrogenation is carried out in a two compartment fixed bed reactor in which hydrogenation of olefins takes place in the first compartment while the sulphur is eliminate...

A transient experimental analysis of a three-phase descendent-cocurrent trickle-bed H2O/CH4Ar/γ-Al2O3 system was made using the stimulus-response technique, with the gas phase as a reference. Methane was used as a tracer and injected into the argon feed and the concentration vs time profiles were obtained at the entrance and exit of the bed, which were maintained at 298K and 1.013 10 Pa. A math...

In the developing brain neurons interconnect via the action of molecules that guide the axon to its targets, thus allowing the proper wiring scheme to emerge. It is not fully understood whether the underlying mechanism is wholly deterministic or not. The existence of “choice-points” and “decision-regions” suggests that options are available to the growth cone. The guidance mechanism is here sim...

The hydrodynamic description of trickle flow is a complex field of study. One of the main contributors to the complexity is the existence of multiple hydrodynamic states (MHS). As early as 1978, Kan & Greenfield reported different pressure drop and holdup readings for the same liquid and gas feed rates. The study revealed that the flow history experienced by the bed determined the specific hydr...