The muscle fiber composition and cross-sectional area of muscle fiber types were investigated histochemically in the abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis muscle, obliquus externus abdominis muscle, obliquus internus abdominis muscle and transversus abdominis muscle) of three Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Muscle fibers were classified into three fiber types (Type I, II A and II B) by myosin...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare transversus abdominis muscle thickness and exercise performance before after foam roller (FRex).Methods: This a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Twenty-four adult female subjects were randomly divided into two groups: (1) an intervention group that underwent FRex, (2) control remained in the supine position for same period. Transversus thic...

Introduction: The component separation technique (CST) was introduced to abdominal wall reconstruction to treat large, complex hernias. It is very difficult to compare the published findings because of the vast number of technical modifications to CST as well as the heterogeneity of the patient population operated on with this technique. Material and Methods: The main focus of the literature se...

[Purpose] We examined the effects of an abdominal drawing-in bridge exercise using a pressure biofeedback unit on different bases on the thickness of trunk and abdominal muscles, and lumbar stability. [Subjects] Thirty healthy young adults (2 males, 28 females) took part in this study. The subjects were randomly and equally assigned to a stable bridge exercise group and an unstable bridge exerc...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to review the recent evidence for the efficacy of peripheral regional anaesthesia. METHODS Following a systematic literature search and selection of publications based on prospectively agreed upon criteria, we produced a narrative review of the most commonly performed peripheral regional anaesthetic blocks for surgery on the upper limb, the lower limb, and the trunk. We...

The abdominal muscles expand the rib cage when they contract alone. This expansion opposes the deflation of the lung and may be viewed as pressure dissipation. The hypothesis was raised, therefore, that alterations in rib cage elastance should affect the lung deflating action of these muscles. To test this hypothesis and evaluate the quantitative importance of this effect, we measured the chang...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to verify the efficacy of a pelvic floor muscle exercise program by comparing subjects' muscle thickness with changes in vaginal pressure. [Subjects] Two groups of female participants without a medical history of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction were evaluated. The mean age of Group I was 33.5 years and that of Group II was 49.69 years. [Methods] The parti...

Spigelian hernias occur in the lower abdomen where the posterior sheath is deficient. It protrudes through a slit like defect in the anterior abdominal wall adjacent to the semilunar line. The hernia ring is formed as a well-defined defect in the transversus abdominis. Extraperitoneal fatty tissue surrounds the hernial sac and it passes through the transversus and the internal oblique aponeuros...

BACKGROUND Any landmark-based regional anaesthetic technique raises two important issues. The first is the accuracy of placement of the needle and thus the local anaesthetic in a 'blind' technique and the second is the potential for damage to adjacent structures. We designed a prospective, blinded study in an adult general surgical population to evaluate with ultrasound the placement of the nee...