The 63-kDa fragment of the protective antigen (PA) component of anthrax toxin forms a heptameric channel, (PA63)7, in acidic endosomal membranes that leads to the translocation of edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF) to the cytosol. It also forms a channel in planar phospholipid bilayer membranes. What role does this channel play in the translocation of EF and LF? We report that after the 2...

Efficient herbicide absorption and translocation, satisfactory weed control can be affected by the site of application. However, during harvesting crops previous soybean sowing, cutting process made harvesters on fleabane may generate a difficult management in pre sowing crop limiting leaf area herbicide. Experiments were conducted to evaluate efficiency translocation potential saflufenacil pla...

Gut microbes are immunologically tolerated in the gastrointestinal tract but trigger aggressive immune responses upon translocation across gut barrier. Although oral tolerance, a physiological process that dampens to food proteins and commensal microbiota, remains poorly defined, significant progress was made during after Human Immunodeficiency Virus epidemic 1980s discovery of regulatory T cel...

background: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is the most common subtype of childhood cancer. chromosomal ab­normality, specially the replacement of chromosomal material is one of the main reasons in generating leukemia, wherein the kind of translocation play a key role in managing the remedy. the goal of the present study was to develop a reliable, rapid, and cost effective method to detect t...

Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins: a translocase heptameric channel, (PA(63))(7), formed from protective antigen (PA), which allows the other two proteins, lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF), to translocate across a host cell's endosomal membrane, disrupting cellular homeostasis. (PA(63))(7) incorporated into planar phospholipid bilayer membranes forms a channel capable of trans...