Passenger information is vital for developing a user-friendly public transportation system. Websites are rapidly gaining popularity for public transport information dissemination, particularly due to their anytime-anywhere availability and their suitability for the multimodal applications and multilingual interface. Internet-based Passenger Information Systems (PIS), therefore, have become comm...

This essay discusses the preliminary results of recent archaeological investigations into stone axe production and exchange processes at a Neolithic hilltop settlement in South India. The site in question comprises a stone-lined circular structure situated on a plateau area on the side of a topographically complex hill, known locally as Hiregudda. Across the plateau, extensive surface scatters ...

Recent technology change and market liberalization have substantially reduced the costs of providing international message telephone services (IMTS). However, the full extent of these cost reductions have generally not been reflected in lower prices. This paper reviews the recent literature on international telecommunications markets, and examines regulation and IMTS pricing behaviour. Particul...

Route planning is the process of determining a route, or path, from some location to another. The route may be described by a line on a map, a sequence of movements (e.g., “Turn right, walk forward, turn left at the next intersection”), or a sequence of way-points (e.g., “Go to the corner of Snelling and Grand”, “Next go to the corner of Grand and Pascal”, “Last go to 1430 Grand Avenue”). Human...

The restoration of historical transport routes and the creation new ones is a strategic objective most states in modern times. Located at intersection North–South East–West routes, Azerbaijan currently recognised as an important logistics hub. Successful cooperation with European Union countries this field taking place. international passing through territory are very convenient for cargo trans...

Some aspects of real-world road networks seem to have an approximate scale invariance property, motivating study of mathematical models of random networks whose distributions are exactly invariant under Euclidean scaling. This requires working in the continuum plane, so making a precise definition is not trivial. We introduce an axiomatization of a class of processes we call scale-invariant ran...

The need for efficient transport management based applications has witnessed a tremendous growth due to the explosive burst in population and the corresponding demand for transport services. In this paper we propose a novel Mass Transit Routing 406 Daning Chen et al. and Optimization Tool (MTRO), which uses Data Mining (DM) techniques to extract information from the commuter database and assist...

This manuscript is dedicated to history of economical relations and reconstruction of commercial routes on territory of Nuratau from 20 century B.C. till beginning of 20 century. This time interval was conditionally divided onto three periods: before, in time and past of existing the Great Silk Road (GSR). An attempt to reconstruct commercial routes in the region based on analysis of more than ...

An Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy is an official statement which spells out the objectives, goals, principles, strategies, etc intended to guide and regulate the development, operation and application of ICT. ICT policies must take into account other policies such as education policies, trade and investment policies, foreign policy, monetary policy, transport policy, etc....

The transit network design problem (TNDP) aims to find a set of routes and corresponding frequencies for an urban public transportation system. We model the TNDP as a multi-objective combinatorial optimization problem whose resolution involves finding a Pareto front that represents different trade-off levels between opposite objectives, the travel and waiting times and the required fleet of bus...