Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and a major public health problem in developing countries. However, early detection and treatment may be achieved by breast self-examination (BSE). Despite the importance of BSE in reducing the incidence of breast cancer and esultant deaths, the disease continues to be the most common cause of cancer death among women in Iran.This stud...

BACKGROUND Two dominant discourses in contemporary nursing theory and knowledge development have evolved over the past few decades, in part by unitary science views and caring theories. Rogers' science of unitary human beings (SUHB) represents the unitary directions in nursing. Caring theories and related caring science (CS) scholarship represent the other. These two contemporary initiatives ha...

BACKGROUND This study examined the applicability of trans-theoretical model (TTM) to understand exercise behavior among female college students in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2007. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. The dependent variables analyzed were exercise efficacy expectation, decisional balance (pros and cons). The independent variable was s...

BACKGROUND A healthy lifestyle is a valuable source to reduce the prevalence of health problems, and promoteehealth. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to evaluate the lifestyle and obesity status of Hamadan public employees and their status based on the trans-theoretical model (TTM). PATIENTS AND METHODS This analytical cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 on 1200 public employees i...

How people intentionally change addictive behaviors with and without treatment is not well understood by behavioral scientists. This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key trans-theoretical constructs of stages and processes of change. Modification of addictive behaviors involves progression through five stages--p...

Non-fluorinated vinyldiazo compounds with trans-configuration irrespective of the nature of 3-R(1)-substituent (R(1) = H, Me, TBSO) even under ambient conditions easily cyclize to produce pyrazoles, while cis-stereoisomers undergo similar ring closure only at elevated temperatures or decompose to produce vinyloxocarbene reaction products. The 3-CF3-substituted analogues with cis- or trans-confi...

Abstract This article considers the model of recognition in Gender Recognition Act 2004 (GRA) and, through a critique value stability pursued this legislation, argues that as is incompatible with variety experiences non-binary trans-identified individuals. The then moves on to analyse self-declaration, part proposed reform recently dismissed by Government. While self-declaration contains provis...

A combined theoretical and experimental study on the structure, infrared, UV-Vis and 1H NMR data of trans-2-(m-cyanostyryl)pyridine, trans-2-[3-methyl-(m-cyanostyryl)]pyridine and trans-4-(m-cyanostyryl)pyridine is presented. The synthesis was carried out with an efficient Knoevenagel condensation using green chemistry conditions. Theoretical geometry optimizations and their IR spectra were ca...