INTRODUCTION Foot and ankle impact injury is common in geriatric trauma and often leads to fracture of rearfoot, including calcaneus and talus. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of foot impact on the risk of calcaneus and talus fracture via finite element analysis. METHODS A three-dimensional finite element model of foot and ankle was constructed based on magnetic resona...

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis in long bones involves loss of cortical thickness and of the trabecular microarchitecture. Deterioration and weakening of trabecular bone tissue during osteoporosis imposes greater physiological loads on the cortical shell. However, it is unclear whether trabecular bone significantly contributes to the strength of whole bones under non-physiological impact loads. METHO...

BACKGROUND Osteoporotic hip fractures occur due to loss of cortical and trabecular bone mass and consequent degradation in whole bone strength. The direct cause of most fractures is a fall, and hence, characterizing the mechanical behavior of a whole osteopenic bone under impact is important. However, very little is known about the mechanical interactions between cortical and trabecular bone du...

BACKGROUND We assessed the plain radiographic characteristics of 10 cases of osteosarcomas during the initial painful period that had been overlooked by a primary physician. In addition, we evaluated chronologic changes in radiographic findings from initial symptomatic period to the time of accurate diagnosis. METHODS The clinical records were reviewed for clinical parameters including age, s...

Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is synthesized by three HA synthases (HAS). Similarities between the HAS2 knockout mouse and the hdf mutant mouse, which has a mutation in the versican gene, suggest that HA and versican expression may be linked. In this study, the relationship between HA synthesis and levels of versican, fibronectin and several other EC...

Bone mass, architecture, and tissue mineral density contribute to bone strength. As body mass (BM) increases any one or combination of these properties could change to maintain structural integrity. To better understand the structural origins of vertebral fragility and gain insight into the mechanisms that govern bone adaptation, we conducted an integrative analysis of bone mass and microarchit...

The hyalinizing trabecular adenoma is a rare lesion of the thyroid. There is controversy in the literature about the correct name for this disease. Dr. Carney defended the benign nature of this condition and therefore continues calling it adenoma, the World Health Organization calls for the potential of tumor malignancy, and others qualify it as a variant of papillary carcinoma based on the pre...

Trabecular carcinoma has been renamed as Merkel cell carcinoma because, ultrastructurally, tumour cells resemble Merkel cells of the skin. Recently, evidence of exocrine (sweat gland) differentiation in some trabecular carcinomas has been reported. These findings raise two possibilities: (1) trabecular carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of lesions; or (2) that trabecular carcinomas are glandu...

Trabecular or cancellous bone is a major element in the structural design of the vertebrate skeleton, but has received little attention from the perspective of the biology of scale. In this study, we investigated scaling patterns in the discrete bony elements of cancellous bone. First, we constructed two theoretical models, representative of the two extremes of realistic patterns of trabecular ...

PURPOSE To determine whether trabecular tissue in vivo and cultured trabecular cells have the messenger RNA transcript for transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), and to examine whether these cells synthesize and secrete TGF-beta 1 in vitro. METHODS Total RNA was isolated from the trabecular meshwork, iris, and ciliary body freshly excised from porcine eyes as well as from cultured tr...