Although the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been increasing in recent years, few studies have been performed on both its costs and its effectiveness or benefits. This paper provides a general review of the methods of cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis, summarizes briefly the existing cost-analysis studies of TPN, and outlines the authors' proposed study design for their e...

Although many aspects of the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in pregnancy are controversial, the long-term sequelae of maternal malnutrition in fetal health are not. To avoid these complications, TPN is advocated for use in pregnancies complicated by maternal starvation. The purpose of this paper is to outline an easy to follow method for prescribing TPN solution to meet the needs of th...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between total parenteral nutrition(TPN) and complication and death rates in surgical patients. DATA SOURCES A computer search of published research on MEDLINE, personal files and a review of relevant reference lists. STUDY SELECTION A review of 237 titles, abstracts or papers. Primary studies were included if they were randomized clinical trials of surg...

As a result of the work of Warburg (l), von Euler (2), and their associates, it is known that triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN) and diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN) are dinucleotides and differ only in that TPN contains one additional phosphate group. The structure proposed by Schlenk and von Euler for DPN, in which nicotinamide ribose phosphate and adenosine-5-phosphate are linked by a pyr...

BACKGROUND Comatose acute stroke patients are at high risk of malnutrition, especially hypoproteinemia. However, when to start and how to provide nutrition to these patients are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum timing and methods of nutritional supplementation to comatose acute stroke patients. METHODS A total of 273 comatose acute stoke patients who were unable...

Von Euler and Vestin (1) demonstrated the synthesis of triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN) when diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN) was incubated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the presence of crude yeast maceration juice. In subsequent reports (2) from the Stockholm laboratory, several mechanisms for this reaction were considered but none was established. With crude pigeon liver fractions...

BACKGROUND Cholestasis is a frequent problem in patients on total parenteral nutrition. Cisapride has a prokinetic effect on the biliary system, but its effect on hepatic excretory function is unknown. OBJECTIVES To study the effect of cisapride on TPN-induced cholestasis in a rat model. METHODS Bile flow and bile salt secretion rate were measured in rats given TPN. There were four groups o...

Objective. To use a rabbit model of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) to study changes of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) marker glucose regulatory protein 94 (GRP94) and determine its role in the pathogenesis of PNALD. Methods. A rabbit PNALD model total parenteral nutrition (TPN) group was established. A corresponding control group received breast-feeding for one we...

Perfusion feeding in rats induced a decrease in circulating retinol despite an adequate supply of vitamin A. We studied the effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the retinol specific carrier in rat, analyzing holo-RBP (bound to retinol) and apo-RBP (without retinol) in serum and in liver. Vitamin A-sufficient (A+) and -deficient (A-) rats were characterized in terms of vitamin A and RBP...