Iost toxic diseases can be divided into those which result from consumption or exposure to toxic chemicals or poisonous plants. They can be prevented by limiting access to these chemicals and plants. Copper Toxicity, Causes— (a) excessive copper ingestion, (b) absence of sufficient molybdenum in diet, (c) injury to liver tissue from plant alkaloids enabling the liver to store excess copper, (d)...

Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters are a family of cation antiporters occurring in most organisms from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. This family constitutes one of the largest transporter families in plants, with, for example, more than 50 MATE genes in the Arabidopsis genome. Moreover, MATE transporters are involved in a wide variety of physiological functions throughout p...

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the toxicity of six botanicals, Bazna (Zanthoxylum rhetsa), Ghora-neem (Melia sempervirens), Hijal (Barringtonia acutangula), Karanja (Pongamia pinnata), Mahogoni (Swietenia mahagoni) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Leaf and seed extracts were prepared by using acetone, methanol and water as solvents. T...

The evolution of resistance in insect pests will imperil the efficiency of transgenic insect-resistant crops. The currently advised strategy to delay resistance evolution is to plant non-toxic crops (refuges) in close proximity to plants engineered to express the toxic protein of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). We seek answers to the question of how to induce growers to plant non-tox...

cadmium (cd) is among the most widespread and toxic heavy metal in several part of the world. its toxicity in soil is becoming a severe threat to living organism worldwide. it is one of the main pollutants in paddy fields near industrial areas and highly toxic to plant growth and development of the plants. cd can be easily taken up by plants and enter the food chain. therefore, precautionary me...

The main clinical and necropsy features of field and experimental cases of suspected cardiac glycoside intoxication following ingestion and dosing of the plant Ornithogalum nanodes, are described. The distribution of intoxication in the area as well as a description of the plant are given. Plant samples tested for cardiac glycosides by fluorescence polarization immuno-assay (FPIA) gave a strong...

8 Think about your first reaction if you saw a poster at your local pet shop announcing “New Ornamental Plant Kills All Algae in Your Tank Within 24 Hours—Money Back Guarantee!” How much would you be willing to spend on such a plant? Unfortunately, no such plant has yet been identified. But it is a scientific fact that some plants secrete chemicals that are toxic to other plants. Can we use suc...

BACKGROUND In order to understand and generalize the toxic mechanism of cigarette smoke in living cells, comparison of the data between animal systems and other biological system such as microbial and plant systems is highly beneficial. OBJECTIVE By employing the tobacco cells as model materials for cigarette smoke toxicity assay, the impacts of the combustion by-products such as nitrogen oxi...

Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 and the related strain Pf-5 are well-characterized representatives of rhizosphere bacteria that have the capacity to protect crop plants from fungal root diseases, mainly by releasing a variety of exoproducts that are toxic to plant pathogenic fungi. Here, we report that the two plant-beneficial pseudomonads also exhibit potent insecticidal activity. Anti-insect act...