Practical reasoning, reasoning about what actions should be chosen, is highly dependent both on the individual values of the agent concerned and on what others choose to do. We discuss how value based argumentation about what to do can be performed without making assumptions about the preferences of the other agents. We then show how expected utility calculations relate to the valuebased argume...

abstract the lack of water is the most important problem in extensive landscape especially turfgrass in arid and semi arid regions. the root responses in native and commercial grasses under drought stress were investigated. this experiment was in a factorial experiment based on unbalanced completely random design on the year 2006. the specious that we used in this experiment included (i) commer...

The ability of young and older adults to engage in guided conjunction search was tested in 2 experiments. In the cued condition, a picture of the target was presented before the search. In the noncued condition, there was no picture of the target. In Experiment 1, the cue was presented for 200 ms; the magnitude of the cuing effect (noncued response time--cued response time) was greater for the ...

Abstract—In this paper we extend CSL (Continuous Stochastic Logic) with an expected time and an expected reward operator, both of which are parameterized by a random terminal time. With the help of such operators we can state for example that the expected sojourn time in a set of goal states within some generally distributed delay is at most (at least) some time threshold. In addition, certain ...

We conduct two experiments of the claim that people are overconfident, using new tests of overplacement that are based on a formal Bayesian model. Our two experiments, on easy quizzes, find overplacement. More precisely, we find apparently overconfident data that cannot be accounted for by a rational population of expected utility maximizers with a good understanding of the nature of the quizze...

Randomized first-mover strategies of Stackelberg games are used in several deployed applications to allocate limited resources for the protection of critical infrastructure. Stackelberg games model the fact that a strategic attacker can surveil and exploit the defender’s strategy, and randomization guards against the worst effects by making the defender less predictable. In accordance with the ...

This paper presents experimental tests of several independence conditions implied by expected utility and alternative models. We perform repeated choice experiments and fit an error model that allows us to discriminate between true violations of independence and those that can be attributed to errors. In order to investigate the role of event splitting effects, we present each choice problem no...