Semisolid preparations for external application to skin have gained much demand, since it is easily absorbed through the skin layers. Many novel topical dosage forms have been discovered, among which organogels appears to play an important role. Organogels are thermodynamically stable, biocompatible, isotropic gel, which not only give localised effect, but also systemic effect through percutane...

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. has been used in herbal medicine for skin eruptions, including dermatitis, eczema, pruritus and cysts. The effect of licorice extract as topical preparation was evaluated on atopic dermatitis. The plant was collected and extracted by percolation with suitable solvent. The extract was standardized, based on Glycyrrhizinic acid by using a titrimetry method. Different topical...

Topical anesthetics play an important role in the practice of ophthalmology, both for procedures in the office and in the operating room. The need for safe, long-acting topical ocular anesthetic agents is ongoing, and has been highlighted by the increase of intravitreal administration of pharmacologic agents. Current practices for ocular anesthesia include subconjunctival injection of 2% aqueou...

pastes, cream emulsions, gels, and rigid foams. Their common property is the ability to cling to the application surface for a reasonable period of time before they are washed off or worn off. They usually serve as vehicles for topically applied drugs, as emollients, or as protective or occlusive dressings, or they may be applied to the skin and membranes such as the rectal, buccal, nasal, and ...

Objective: This study aimed to increase the effectiveness of using zeaxanthin by developed nanoemulsion containing which was then formulated into radiance serum for topical use.
 Methods: Nanoemulsions are made spontaneous nano emulsification methods/techniques, relatively simple technologically because they rely on right combination selected surfactants and co-surfactants. The optimizatio...

When liposomes were initially discovered more than 30 years ago, predictions were largely met with skepticism; however, recent advances have allowed the development of liposomes that are potentially medically useful. Systemic and topical drug delivery by liposomes is possible. Although liposomal amphotericin B, a systemic antifungal agent, is the only medical liposomal product commercially avai...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Topical steroid therapy is an important strategy in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of topical steroid therapy on nasal symptoms in patients with nasal polyposis. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis using standardized methodology. METHODS Study inclusion criteria ...

A blind randomised cross-over study was conducted on 10 patients (20 eyes) to compare the effect in patients with open-angle glaucoma of metipranolol 0.3% with that of timolol 0.25% on intraocular pressure following one month's topical instillation with each preparation alone. There was no statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure reduction between these two preparations, and...

Twenty patients with primary open-angle glaucoma uncontrolled on single topical therapy completed a double dummy crossover study to compare acetazolamide tablets with a sustained release formulation (Sustet). The two preparations were equally effective, but no direct relationship was found between the intraocular pressure and the plasma concentration of acetazolamide. No difference between the ...

Acne represents a significant challenge to dermatologists because of its prevalence, complexity and range of clinical expression. It is the single most common skin disease affecting 85% of teenage boys and 80% of teenage girls and can continue throughout adulthood. Treatment of acne with topical and systemic allopathic medicines results in mild to severe side effects. Hence, herbs and herbal pr...