BACKGROUND Systemic treatment with propranolol is proven to be effective for patients with hemangiomas with less side-effect. We used a propranolol gel for topical use on hemangiomas. METHODS In this retrospective study, we analyzed 148 patients who had been treated topically with propranolol gel for 12 weeks. We analyzed the data of patients and clinically gave each hemangioma a "hemangioma ...

• Ingenol mebutate gel (Picato® gel, LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark) is a novel topical self-applied treatment for nonhyperkeratotic, nonhypertrophic actinic keratoses in adults. • Picato gel (0.05%) is applied to trunk and extremity lesions for 2 consecutive days, and at lower strength (0.015%) applied to face and scalp lesions for 3 consecutive days. • The mechanism of action is rapid inductio...

Background and Aim: Since fluoride therapy is usually the first step of treatment in pediatric dentistry and it may interfere with other treatments, such as composite fill-ing, this study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of topical pre-fluoride therapy on marginal microleakage of composite restorations in deciduous teeth. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 30 deciduous canine...