The use of vasodilators to reduce vascular resistance is over a hundred years old. BALFOUR [1] recommends the use of nitrites as vascular stimulants "which dilate the peripheral vessels (arterioles) and so promote the flow blood". In the case of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), vaso-constriction is one of three factors that combine to increase resistance to blood flow through the lungs. Th...

OBJECTIVE To describe the demographic and haemodynamic variables of children presenting with primary pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary hypertension appearing or persisting after surgical correction of congenital heart defects and to assess the acute effect of vasodilator drugs on their pulmonary vascular bed. DESIGN Retrospective review. SETTING Paediatric cardiology department and intens...

Fatal familial surfactant protein B deficiency EDrroR,-In 1993 a sibship of three infants who died of hyaline membrane disease had had an absence of surfactant protein B (SP-B) and its mRNA in lung tissue.' The gene coding for SP-B has been located and a frameshift mutation in this gene has been identified in the reported sibship and in two other families .2 A further six cases of SP-B deficien...

Octopamine, a major aminergic neurotransmitter in invertebrates, exerts many of its actions through receptors which are associated with the activation of adenylate cyclase. The present study defines and characterizes a new class of potent octopamine agonists, the substituted phenyliminoimidazolidines (PIIs). Approximately 30 of these derivatives were examined for agonist and antagonist effects ...

The perfusion of rat small intestinal lumen with epinephrine (0.1 mM) resulted in a significant increase in the amount of benzylpenicillin (BP) transported from the mucosal to the serosal side. In this study, the perfusion of the lumen with phenylephrine, clonidine, dobutamine, or salbutamol had no effect on BP transport. However, the combinations of phenylephrine and isoproterenol, clonidine a...

The pulmonary blood vessels are richly inervated with fibres derived from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (Larsell, 1951; Mitchell, 1956) but attempts to demonstrate vasomotricity have yielded conflicting results. If the sympathetic fibres have a pulmonary vasomotor action, it might be anticipated that the administration of an adrenergic-blocking agent would have some d...

Topal A. , N. Y. Gül: Effects of Dexamethasone, Metoclopramide or Acepromazine on Emesis in Cats Sedated with Xylazine Hydrochloride. Acta Vet. Brno 2006, 75: 299-303. This study was designed to determine antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic administration of dexamethasone, metoclopramide or acepromazine and their influence on sedation in cats sedated with xylazine hydrochloride. Ten healthy adu...