Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the genetic information necessary for synthesis of RNA and proteins; it is a biological macromolecule essential development proper functioning living organisms composed nucleobases, deoxyribose, phosphate. The four nucleobases in DNA are adenine (AD), guanine (GU), thymine (TY), cytosine (CY). Abnormal concentrations these an organism have significant impact ...

Five PEO-PPP rod-coil diblock polymers were synthesized and characterized using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). By using a series of alkali chlorides as cation salts, relative cation affinities were studied. Different cation affinities and shifts in molecular weight distributions were found as a result of changing the cation type and s...

Single particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (sp-ICP-TOFMS), in combination with online microdroplet calibration, allows for the determination of number concentrations (PNCs) and masses elements individual particles. Because sp-ICP-TOFMS analyses environmental samples produce rich datasets composed both single-metal nanoparticles (smNPs) many types multi-metal NPs...

BACKGROUND Despite the significant amount of work being carried out to investigate the therapeutic potential of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanism by which DHA affects amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP)-induced metabolic changes has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes) associated with DHA therapy via metabonomic pro...

Low-molecular-weight metabolites produced by the intestinal microbiome play a direct role in health and disease. However, little is known about the ability of the colon to absorb these metabolites. It is also unclear whether these metabolites are bioavailable. Here, metabolomics techniques (capillary electrophoresis with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, CE-TOFMS), germ-free (GF) mice, and colo...

Background: Compared with biofluids, target tissues and organs may directly reflect pathophysiological state of a disease process. In this study, a D-galactosamine (GalN) / lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced mouse model was constructed to investigate metabonomics of liver tissue and characterize direct changes of substance metabolism in acute liver failure (ALF). Methods: After pretreatment of li...

Non-porous reversed-phase (NP-RP) HPLC has been used to rapidly generate protein profiles of whole cell lysates of human breast cancer cell lines. The non-porous packing material used was silica coated with C18, which provided rapid separation with high collection efficiency of proteins from cell lysates. This method was used to study the differences in protein profiles among normal cells and f...

A method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography with hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) using an electrospray ionization source was firstly used to characterize ten major pregnane glycosides including one novel compound auriculoside IV from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. In the MS/MS spectra, fragmentation reactions of the [M+Na]+ were recorded...

1. An excretion balance study was performed following i.p. administration of 4-bromoaniline (50 mg kg(-1)) to bile-cannulated rats, using bromine-detected ((79/81)Br) ICPMS for quantification. Approximately 90% of the dose was recovered in urine (68.9 ± 3.6%) and bile (21.4 ± 1.4%) by 48 h post-administration. 2. HPLC-ICPMS ((79/81)Br) was used to selectively detect and profile the major urinar...