To test whether tocopherols (vitamin E) are essential in the protection against oxidative stress in plants, a series of Arabidopsis thaliana vitamin E (vte) biosynthetic mutants that accumulate different types and levels of tocopherols and pathway intermediates were analyzed under abiotic stress. Surprisingly subtle differences were observed between the tocopherol-deficient vte2 mutant and the ...

This study aimed at investigating the potential of microalgae species grown on industrial waste water as a new source of natural antioxidants. Six microalgae from different classes, including Phaeodactylum sp. (Bacillariophyceae), Nannochloropsis sp. (Eustigmatophyceae), Chlorella sp., Dunaniella sp., and Desmodesmus sp. (Chlorophyta), were screened for their antioxidant properties using differ...

During the last stage of plant oil refining, deodorization distillates containing very important biological substances such as tocopherols, sterols, terpenoids or hydrocarbons are formed as a by-products. This study aimed at evaluating the content and antioxidant capacity of tocopherol concentrates from deodorization distillates obtained after the refining of rapeseed, soybean and sunflower oil...

In the present study, fluctuations in fatty acids, tocopherols, organic and free sugars content of cardoon blades collected at sixteen harvest dates (samples B1–B16, corresponding to principal growth stages (PGS) between 1 9) were evaluated. A total 26 acids identified, with palmitic (C16:0, 19.9–40.13%), α-linolenic (C18:3n3, 6.39–33.2%), linoleic (C18:2n6c, 9–34.8%) being higher relative abun...

Abstract Tocopherols are a mixture of antioxidants which commonly referred to as vitamin E. Tocopheramines differ from tocopherols by an amino function in lieu the phenolic OH group. They potent used biomedical scenarios well stabilizers for polymers against aging. While aqueous media α-tocopheramine is mainly oxidized α-tocopherylquinone and N-oxidized by-products, oxidation apolar or polymeri...

Bioavailability is a critical feature in the assessment of the role of micronutrients in human health, and the approaches to this issue include in vitro and in vivo methods. Foodand host-related factors affect the bioavailability of carotenoids and tocopherols, and major challenges in the study of bioavailability include the release of these compounds from the food matrix, micellization, the me...

Tocopherols are lipophilic antioxidants synthesized exclusively by photosynthetic organisms and collectively constitute vitamin E, an essential nutrient for both humans and animals. Tocopherol cyclase (TC) catalyzes the conversion of various phytyl quinol pathway intermediates to their corresponding tocopherols through the formation of the chromanol ring. Herein, the molecular and biochemical c...

Milk composition remains the best estimate of infant requirements. The aims of this study were to quantify carotenoids and tocopherols in human milk from healthy Chinese mothers, and to explore their associations with lactation stage, region, socio-economic and obstetric characteristics, and dietary intake. Human milk was obtained from 509 healthy mothers, and concentrations of carotenoids and ...

This study aims to quantify carotenoids and tocopherols in human milk from healthy 19 Chinese women, and to explore their associations with region, lactation stage, and maternal 20 socio-economic and obstetric factors. Human milk was obtained from 509 healthy mothers and the 21 compounds of carotenoids and tocopherols were analyzed by high-performance liquid 22 chromatography after mild saponif...

Figure 1. Structures of the various tocopherol and tocotrienol vitamers. Introduction There are eight vitamers of vitamin E (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols and the corresponding tocotrienols) (Figure 1), differing in their biological activity and distribution in foods. Most often vitamin E’s role is usually associated with its antioxidant activity. For example, α-tocopherol is a w...