Article history: Received 25 July 2017 Received in revised form 17 November 2017 Accepted 23 November 2017 Available online 24 November 2017 Background:An increased rate of cell death by apoptosis has been implicated in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. Apoptosis can be induced through activation of the death receptors TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1), TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR-2) and Fas. Soluble forms...

Abstract Background Inflammation is linked to elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Fat attenuation index (FAI) a measure of peri-coronary inflammation that independently predicts CVD HIV-uninfected persons. Whether FAI associated soluble inflammatory markers unknown. Methods Plasma levels were measured 58 PWH and 16 controls withou...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inversely regulates the function of bovine corpus luteum (CL). Whereas the low doses of TNF induce luteolysis, the high doses prolong CL lifespan and prevent luteolysis in vivo. We suggest that the varying effects of TNF may be caused by its action exerted on CL via multiple signaling pathways involving two distinct receptors: TNFR-I (responsible for induction ...

We have disabled TNF receptor (TNFR) function by inducing allosteric modulation of tryptophan-107 (W107) in the receptor. The allosteric effect operates by means of an allosteric cavity found a short distance from a previously identified loop involved in ligand binding. Occupying this cavity by small molecules leads to perturbation of distal W107 and disables functions of the TNFR, a molecule n...

The TNF receptor superfamily members are all type I membrane glycoproteins with typical homology in the extracellular domain of variable numbers of cysteine-rich repeats (overall homologies, 25% to 30%). In contrast, the TNF ligand superfamily members (with the exception of LT alpha) are type II membrane glycoproteins with homology to TNF in the extracellular domain (overall homologies, 20%). T...

The current study aimed to examine whether the levels of TNF receptors 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2) in serum and urine were associated with other markers of kidney injury and renal histological findings, including TNFR expression, in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The levels of the parameters of interest were measured by immunoassay in 106 biopsy-proven IgAN patients using samples obtained immediately be...

40 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is considered an adverse mediator of heat stroke (HS) based 41 on clinical studies showing high serum levels. However, soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR; TNF 42 antagonists) were higher in survivors than nonsurvivors and TNFR KO mice showed a trend 43 towards increased mortality suggesting TNF has protective actions for recovery. We delineated 44 TNF actions in HS by c...

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a type of arthritis originating from certain gastrointestinal or genitourinary infections. In previous studies, we reported the development of progressive Yersinia enterocolitica-induced ReA in mice lacking TNFR p55; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still uncertain. In this study, we investigated the impact of TNFR p55 deficiency in modulating Ag-sp...

Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an adapter protein that links signals from members of the TNFR superfamily and Toll/IL-1 receptor family to activation of transcription factors NFkappaB and AP-1. Analysis of TRAF6-deficient mice revealed that TRAF6 is essential for normal bone formation and establishment of immune and inflammatory systems. Here we report that...