Abstract To illuminate mechanisms supporting diversity in plant communities, we construct 2D cellular automata and ‘grow’ virtual plants real experiments. The are 19 different, fully validated functional types drawn from universal adaptive strategy theory. scale of approach is far beyond that even the most ambitious investigations physical world. By simulating 496 billion plant–environment inte...

A three-step sequential compound real options (SCRO) method is developed and applied to the South African technology for fluidised bed combustion with carbon capture storage (FBCwCCS). The objective of this paper address plan’s implementation when electricity demand uncertain. SCRO results are compared net present value (NPV) approach. data both SRCO NPV extracted from mixed integer two-stage s...