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Since the introduction of medical ultrasound in the 1950s, modern diagnostic ultrasound has progressed to see many major diagnostic tools come into widespread clinical use, such as B-mode imaging, color-flow imaging, and spectral Doppler. New applications, such as panoramic imaging, three-dimensional imaging, and quantitative imaging, are now beginning to be offered on some commercial ultrasoun...

Results on soft and hard diffraction obtained by the CDF Collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron p̄p Collider are reviewed with emphasis on aspects of the data that point to the underlying QCD mechanism for diffraction. The results are interpreted in terms of a phenomenological approach in which diffraction is due to an exchange of low-x partons subject to color constraints.

We present two solutions to the firing synchronization problem on the ring, an 8-state minimal-time solution and a 6-state non-minimal-time solution. Both solutions use fewer states than the previous best-known minimal-time automaton, a 16-state solution due to Culik. We also give the first lower bounds on the number of states needed for solutions to the ring firing synchronization problem. We ...

Self-organized 3D photonic superstructures loaded with plasmonic hybrid nanorods were found to undergo structural transformation from body-centered cubic to simple cubic upon NIR-light irradiation resulting from the "photothermal effect" of gold nanorods. Furthermore, dynamic NIR light-directed red, green and blue reflections of the nanocomposites were demonstrated.

We propose differential holography as a method to overcome the long-standing forward-scattering problem in photoelectron holography and related techniques for the three-dimensional imaging of atoms. Atomic images reconstructed from experimental and theoretical Cu 3p holograms from Cu(001) demonstrate that this method suppresses strong forward-scattering effects so as to yield more accurate thre...

Mailing address: Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira • Rua Cardoso de Melo, 463/21 04548-002 São Paulo, SP Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received January 09, 2007; revised manuscript received January 01, 2007; accepted March 13, 2007. The use of three-dimensional echocardiography for the analysis of cardiac structures allows the viewing of planes that make the anatomic identification m...