Plastic surgery training worldwide has seen a thorough restructuring over the past decade, with the introduction of formal training curricula and work-based assessment tools. Part of this process has been the introduction of revalidation and a greater use of simulation in training delivery. Simulation is an increasingly important tool for educators because it provides a way to reduce risks to b...

A five year project studying the diagnosis and remediation of children with reading problems is described. The discussion includes observational studies of reading diagnosticians at work, observations of diagnostician training programs and computer simulation of theories about decision making in reading diagnosis. The results of the observational studies are mentioned and the theories and syste...

this paper aims not to study sadra’s viewpoint on the language of qur’an but aims to offer sadra’s division of and criticisms on the different approaches to the language of qur’an. therefore, this study has been conducted on the negative dimension and has a critical attitude and is not going to study on the positive dimension and to explain sadra’s viewpoint; although recognition of this negati...

Recent connectionist models and theories of embodied cognition offer new perspectives on language comprehension. We review the latest accounts on the issue and present an SRNbased model, which incorporates ideas of embodiment theories and avoids (1) vast architectural complexity, (2) explicit structured semantic input, and (3) separated training regimens for processing components.

In the blocking paradigm, subjects receive reinforced presentations of a compound, AX, after reinforced presentations of A alone. Following this training, responding to X is often diminished relative to a control group, which did not receive the prior training with A. Standard associative theories of learning such as the Rescorla-Wagner model (Rescorla & Wagner, 1972) explain this effect by ass...

This paper examines the use of mobile devices for language learning. In particular we consider how different multimedia and interface modalities can be used to facilitate mobile language learning. The use of multimedia is considered within the context of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) theories. In particular, we examine the Interaction Framework...

objectives: this study compared the effects of individual and group training on general health and stress of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. methods: a sample of 75 parents of children referring to autistic children foundation (including 50 parents in two experimental groups and 25 parents in control group) was taken into account. sample parents were selected through accessi...

Previous research has shown that people differ in their implicit theories about the essential characteristics of intelligence and emotions. Some people believe these characteristics to be predetermined and immutable (entity theorists), whereas others believe that these characteristics can be changed through learning and behavior training (incremental theorists). The present study provides evide...